考虑热物性变化的月壤温度数值模拟

摘要

The thermal design of lunar exploration devices and instruments depends on real information of the thermal envi ronment of the lunar surface. Using the thermal analysis module in ANSYS,and considering that the thermal conductivity of the lunar soi l varies with both density and temperature and the specific heat is a function of temperature,a lunar soi l temperature solving model was developed.And the lunar surface temperatures at the latitude of 26° and the equator were then calculated respectively. The temperature distribution of superficial layers at the equator was also discussed. The good agreement of the computed results and the measured data in lunar surface temperatures reveals that the model and the selected parameters are applicable and reliable, besides, the further matched predicting results and measured data with a somewhat modified lunar soi l conductivity partly show the function of the model in calculating the lunar soi l temperature.To discuss the temperature distribution of superficial layers at the equator,the lunar soi l temperature and the heat flux profi les at different times were plotted,and the effects of the lunar inner heat flux and the conductivity of the lunar soi l on the soi l temperature were also analyzed, which might theoretically support the thermal designs for lunar exploration devices or instruments.%探月设备的热分析设计依赖于真实有效的月面热环境信息。借助于 ANSYS 热分析模块，建立了月壤导热系数随密度和温度变化、热容随温度变化的变热物性月壤温度求解模型，分别计算了月面纬度为26°和赤道地区的月表温度，探讨了赤道地区浅层月壤的温度分布。其中，月表温度计算结果与实测数据良好的一致性表明计算模型和所用计算参数适用可靠；而通过修正月壤导热系数来提高计算结果与实测数据的吻合程度则部分展示了月壤温度计算理论；在探讨赤道地区浅层月壤的温度分布时，文章给出了不同时刻对应的月壤温度剖面和热流剖面，并适度分析了月壤内部热流和导热系数对月壤温度剖面的影响，这些为利用月壤的温度剖面规律进行探月设备的热控设计提供了理论支持。