目的：通过单侧输尿管结扎模型模拟临床肾纤维化的病理过程，观察肥大细胞与肾间质纤维化的关系，进一步探讨肥大细胞相关因子类胰蛋白酶、蛋白酶活化受体-2、表皮生长因子在肾间质纤维化中的表达。方法将大鼠随机平均分为3组，每组于术后3、7、11、14 d各取6只，留取左肾，检测胶原纤维的程度[采用（Masson）染色]及肥大细胞相关因子类胰蛋白酶、蛋白酶活化受体-2（PAR-2）、表皮生长因子（EGF）在单侧输尿管结扎（UUO）介导肾间质纤维化中的表达（采用免疫组织化学法）。结果 UUO模型组各时间点tryptase、PAR-2、EGF的表达水平显著高于假手术组（P＜0．05）；而雷帕霉素治疗组各时间点tryptase、PAR-2、EGF的表达水平均低于模型组（P＜0．05），但比假手术组的表达水平高（P＜0．05）。结论肥大细胞可能通过tryptase-PAR-2-EGF途径促进肾间质纤维化，而雷帕霉素治疗组可能有防治纤维化的作用。%Objective To investigate the relationship between renal interstitial fibrosis and mast cells, and to explore the expression of mast cell-related cytokines, trypsin, protease-activated receptor-2, epidermal growth factor in renal interstitial fibrosis. Methods All rats were randomly divided into three groups. Six rats from each group were selected at 3, 7, 11 and 14 days after the operation, and the left kidney were included as the specimens in the study. The degree of collagen fibers (using Masson staining) and the expression of mast cell related factors, tryptase, PAR-2 and EGF in UUO mediated renal interstitial fibrosis (using immunohistochemistry). Results The expression levels of tryptase, PAR-2 and EGF at each time point in the UUO model group were significantly higher than those in the sham operation group (P<0.05). The expression levels of tryptase, PAR-2 and EGF at each time point in the Rapamycin treatment group were lower than those in the model group (P<0.05) but higher than those in the sham operation group (P<0.05). Conclusion Mast cells may promote renal interstitial fibrosis by tryptase-PAR-2-EGF, and Rapamycin treatment may prevent and treat fibrosis.
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