不同品系小鼠肥胖哮喘模型建立及比较

摘要

目的：建立并比较不同品系小鼠营养性肥胖哮喘模型。方法选用KM、C57BL/6J、BALB/c 3个品系♀小鼠,随机分为对照组、哮喘组、肥胖组、肥胖哮喘组,分别以高脂饲料或普通饲料饲喂12周后,以卵清蛋白( OVA)或磷酸盐缓冲液( PBS)致敏激发小鼠,实验终点测定小鼠体重、身长、脂肪重量、肝脏重量、Lee′s指数、血清总胆固醇( TC)及甘油三酯( TG)水平、支气管肺泡灌洗液( BALF)中OVA特异性IgE浓度。观察各组脂肪细胞形态及气道病理学改变。测定各组小鼠的特殊气道阻力( sRaw)。结果 KM肥胖组体重及Lee′s指数增长最快,但哮喘特征性表现不明显；C57BL/6J小鼠能形成哮喘特征性表现,但肥胖相关指标差异无显著性；BALB/c肥胖组小鼠肥胖指标较之正常组差异有显著性。经OVA致敏激发后,BALB/c小鼠显示出更加明显的哮喘症状、气道高反应性和气道炎症表现。结论 BALB/c小鼠经高脂饲料诱导,OVA致敏激发能形成良好的肥胖合并哮喘模型。%Aim To establish and compare asthma models among different strains of obese mice. Methods Different strains of SPF female mice, namely Kunming ( KM ) , C57BL/6J and BALB/c mice, were randomly divided into four groups ( control group, asthma group, obesity group and obese asthma group). The mice were fed a high-fat diet or a normal diet for 12 weeks, following which they were sensitized and challenged with ovalbu-min ( OVA) or phosphate-buffered saline ( PBS) . Body weight, fat weight, liver weight, Lee′s index, OVA-specific IgE concen-tration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid ( BALF) , serum total cho-lesterol ( TC) and triglyceride ( TG) levels, and lung and adi-pose morphologies were evaluated. The specific airway resistance ( sRaw) was measured using double-chamber plethysmography. Results The mice on a high-fat diet showed a more rapid in-crease in body weight compared with those on a normal diet. Af-ter 12 weeks of feeding, body, fat, and liver weights and Lee′s index were higher for the obese mice than for the lean mice. The adipocyte cross-sectional area was significantly greater in the obese BALB/c and KM mice than in their lean counterparts;the C57BL/6J groups showed no significant differences. The BALB/c mice demonstrated more significant symptoms of acute asthma, local inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness ( AHR ) . Conclusion Compared with C57BL/6J and KM mice, BALB/c mice fed a high-fat diet and sensitized and challenged with OVA provide the most suitable model for evaluating the relationship between obesity and asthma.