持续到成人早期的注意缺陷多动障碍的相关因素

摘要

目的:探讨儿童注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)持续到成人早期的相关因素.方法:对192名符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版( DSM-Ⅳ)中ADHD标准的儿童进行随访研究.随访时,根据Conners’成人ADHD诊断会谈定式问卷评定成人早期ADHD情况.将各候选因素在成人ADHD组与成人期功能缓解之间组进行组间比较,对差异有统计学意义的因素进行logistic回归分析.结果:根据DSM-Ⅳ诊断标准,98名(51％)儿童ADHD持续到成人早期.共患ODD [OR=3.14 (1.33 ～7.40),P＜0.01]和接受治疗[ OR =9.56(2.09～43.67),P＜0.01]的患者,ADHD更容易持续到成人早期.结论:本研究提示童年期共患对立违抗性障碍的患者与未共患对立违抗性障碍的患者相比,注意缺陷多动障碍持续到成人早期的比率更高；童年期ADHD需要持续治疗者发展为成人ADHD的风险可能更高.%Objective: To explore the related factors to persistence of children attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) into early adulthood. Methods: A total of 192 ADHD children meeting the criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) were followed-up into young adulthood. The Conners'Adult ADHD Diagnostic Interview was used as the diagnostic instruments during the follow-up period and the related factors were analyzed. Results: According to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria, 98 (51%) children continued to adult ADHD. The patients who comorbided ODD[ OR = 3. 14(1.33-7.40), P < 0.01] and received treatment [OR =9.56 (2.09-43.67), P<0.01 ] were more likely to have adult ADHD. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the childhood ADHD patients with oppositional defiant disorder and those who need treatment may have higher risk for adult ADHD.