成人专业心理求助意向及与心理症状、自我效能感的关系

摘要

目的:探讨成人专业心理求助意向及与心理症状、自我效能的关系.方法:通过问卷星网上取样的方式招募618名成人[男286人,女332人;成年早期(18～35岁)304人,成年中期(36 ～60岁)314人],使用寻求心理咨询帮助的行为意向量表(ISCI)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、一般自我效能感量表(GSES)测量专业心理求助意向、心理症状、自我效能感.结果:女性、成年中期受试的ISCI得分高于男性、成年早期受试[(82.7±6.7) vs.(77.8±7.8),(83.9±6.2)vs.(76.8±7.3);均P＜0.001].逐步线性回归分析显示,年龄、GSES总分、恐怖、强迫症状正向预测求助意向(β =0.34、0.29、0.10、0.11),躯体化、敌对、偏执负向预测求助意向(β=-0.17、-0.15、-0.11),7个变量可解释求助意向变异的45.6％.结论:成人专业心理求助意向与年龄、心理症状及自我效能密切相关.%Objective:To explore the relationship among professional psychological help-seeking intention,mental symptoms,and self-efficacy in adults.Methods:Totally 618 adult samples[286 males and 332 females,304 early adulthood (18-35 years) and 314 middle adulthood (36-60 years)] were selected on the internet.They were assessed with the Intention of Seeking Counseling Inventory (ISCI),Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) and General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) to evaluate professional psychological help-seeking intention,mental symptom and self-efficacy respectively.Results:Females and middle adulthood subjects got higher ISCI scores than males and early adulthood subjects [(82.7 ± 6.7) vs.(77.8 ± 7.8),(83.9 ± 6.2) vs.(76.8 ± 7.3);Ps ＜ 0.001].Step linear regression analysis showed that age,scores of self-efficiency,horror and obsessive-compulsive symptoms had positive prediction effect on help-seeking intention (3 =0.34,0.29,0.10,0.11).Mental symptoms,hostility and paranoia had negative prediction effect on help-seeking intention (β =-0.17,-0.15,-0.11),and the 7 variables could explain 45.6％ of the variation.Conclusion:It suggests that the adults' professional psychological help-seeking intention may be related to subject age,mental symptom and self-efficiency.