目的：分析榆林市农村妇女宫颈疾病普查结果，并探讨其危险因素，为提高农村妇女生殖健康提供依据。方法采用调查问卷方式记录患者一般资料，所有妇女均行妇科查体、宫颈脱落细胞检查，异常者行阴道镜和活检，并对结果进行分析。结果在3268例普查者中生殖道感染发病率为61．29％，宫颈糜烂发病率为52．82％，宫颈息肉发病率为10．04％，宫颈癌发病率为0．12％。35～45岁组宫颈糜烂和宫颈息肉发病率最高，分别为73．95％和14．87％（χ2值分别为608．50、93．62，均P ＜0．01）。文化程度低、经济收入低、多个性伴侣数、初次妊娠年龄（岁）小的妇女宫颈糜烂和宫颈息肉发病率相对较高（χ2值分别为8．58、6．04；255．11、56．56；44．18、197．51；714．20、46．72，均P ＜0．05）。结论应提高广大农村妇女自我保健意识，建立良好的性卫生习惯；提倡晚婚、晚育、少育。政府及卫生部门应重视普查；对早期宫颈病变，尤其是高危人群应定期随访，预防和发现早期宫颈癌。%Objective To analyze the census results of cervical disease among women in rural area of Yulin city and to investigate its risk factors, so as to provide basis for improving rural women ’ s reproductive health .Methods The general data of census were noted with questionnaires .All women underwent gynecological examination and cervical exfoliated cell examination .Colposcopy and biopsy were performed for women with abnormal exanimation results .Results Of 3 268 recruited women , the prevalence rates of reproductive tract infection, cervical erosion, cervical polyp, and cervical cancer were 61.29%, 52.82%, 10.04%and 0.12%, respectively.The highest prevalence rates of cervical erosion and cervical polyp were in 35-45 years group, and they were 73.95% and 14.87%, respectively (χ2 value was 608.50 and 93.62, respectively, both P<0.01).Those who had low educational level , low economic income, several sexual partners and lower gestational age had higher incidence of cervical erosion and cervical polyp (χ2 value was 8.58, 6.04;255.11, 56.56;44.18, 197.51;and 714.20, 46.72, respectively, all P<0.05).Conclusion The rural women’s self health care consciousness should be improved, and good sexual habits should be established .Late marriage, late childbirth and fewer births are advocated .The government and health institutions should pay attention to census .Early cervical lesions , especially the high-risk groups should be followed up regularly in order to prevent and detect early cervical cancer .
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