Tourette综合征患儿的免疫学特征研究

摘要

Tourette syndrome (TS) is a kind of nerve mental illness in childhood onset, and the interact of heredity, environment, immunization and hormonal causes the susceptibility to the disease.A number of studies have shown that before the onset TS children have higher group A hemolytic streptococcus infection rate.TS patients are exposed to the immune activation environmental factors, and the immune factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of TS and related diseases.Although the exact immunological mechanism of TS is not clear, many scholars believe that activity of immune reaction in TS is enhanced by changes in gene expression patterns of peripheral immune cells, relative frequency change of lymphocyte subset, change of immune effector molecules synthesis and increase of anti-neuronal antibody synthesis.Immunological characteristics of children with TS was summarized in the article from the aspects of environmental factors of triggering immune response, lymphocyte subsets, effector molecules, autoantibodies and immune-related genes.%Tourette综合征( TS)是一种于儿童期起病的神经精神性疾病,遗传、环境、免疫和激素因素相互作用共同构成了该病的易感性. 多项研究显示TS儿童在发病前有较高的A组溶血性链球菌感染率,TS患者暴露于免疫活化的环境因素中,免疫因素在TS及其相关疾病的发病机制中发挥了重要作用. 虽然TS的确切免疫学机制尚不明确,但很多学者认为TS免疫反应的活性增强是通过外周免疫细胞基因表达谱的改变、淋巴细胞亚群相对频率的改变、免疫效应分子合成的改变以及抗神经元抗体合成的增加引起的. 该文从触发免疫应答的环境因素、淋巴细胞亚群、效应分子、自身抗体和免疫相关基因五个方面来综述TS患儿存在的免疫学特征.