影响哺乳期产妇母乳喂养适应性的预测因素研究

摘要

Objective To identify the factors affecting maternal breastfeeding adaptability.Methods By simple sampling method, 181 breastfeeding mothers were selected in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’ an Medical University from December 2014 to June 2015 for survey.They all gave birth naturally and were in lactation within 1 to 6 months.The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, correlation, and multiple regression method.Results The mean score of maternal breastfeeding adaptation was 3.89 ±0.45.The mean score of household income subjective feeling was 2.87 ±0.73.The mean score of marital satisfaction was 3.88 ±0.70, and the mean score of parenting stress was 2.83 ±0.49.The factors affecting maternal breastfeeding adaptability from most to least were parenting stress, marital satisfaction, and breastfeeding problems (βvalue was -0.28, 0.25 and -0.24, respectively, all P <0.05 ) .Conclusion Reducing parenting stress, solving breastfeeding problems and enhancing marriage satisfaction are the major factors improving maternal breastfeeding adaptability.%目的：探讨哺乳期产妇母乳喂养适应性的影响因素。方法采用简单抽样的方法，抽取2014年12月至2015年6月在西安医学院第二附属医院自然分娩后1～6个月的哺乳期产妇181名进行问卷调查，并对数据进行描述性统计、方差分析、相关分析和多元线性分析。结果①哺乳期产妇母乳喂养适应性平均值为3．89±0．45；对家庭收入主观感受平均值为2．87±0．73；婚姻满意度平均值为3．88±0．70；育儿压力平均值为2．83±0．49；②影响母乳喂养适应性的主要因素及出现的顺位依次为育儿压力（β＝－0．28，P＜0．05）、婚姻满意度（β＝0．25，P＜0．05）、目前母乳喂养问题（β＝－0．24，P＜0．05）。结论减轻哺乳期产妇的育儿压力、解决母乳喂养中存在的问题、提高对婚姻的满意程度是提高哺乳期产妇母乳喂养适应性的主要影响因素。