健康教育对预防儿童龋齿患病率的效果观察

摘要

Objective To explore and analyze the effect of health education on preventing children’ s dental caries.Methods Totally 90 cases of children participating dental caries examination for the first time in Huzhou Nanxun District people’ s Hospital during the period of March 2014 to March 2015 were selected and divided into conventional health education group ( conventional group) and comprehensive health education group ( comprehensive group) according to types of health education.Six-month health education was conducted for two groups.The prevalence of dental caries, oral health behavior and knowledge surgery results were observed.Results Compared to the conventional group, the prevalence of dental caries in maxillary primary central incisor, maxillary first molar, maxillary second molar breast , mandibular first molar and mandibular second molar in the comprehensive group was lower with significant differences (χ2 value was 5.45, 6.34, 5.78, 5.92 and 5.63, respectively, all P<0.05).In comprehensive group the proportion of sleep with a bottle (nipple) reduced, that of correct brushing posture as well as brush 2 times or more a day rose, level of knowledge on gargle oral cavity and health was improved, and brushing time prolonged with significant differences (χ2 value was 4.76, 5.12, 5.54, 5.56 and 5.09, respectively,t=5.23, all P<0.05).Conclusion Comprehensive oral health education can significantly reduce the prevalence of dental caries at different parts and correct oral health behavior with good prevention effect.%目的：分析健康教育对预防儿童龋齿患病率的效果。方法选取湖州市南浔区人民医院口腔门诊自2014年3月至2015年3月收治的90例首次参与龋齿检查的儿童，按照口腔健康教育干预的不同分为常规健康教育组（简称常规组）及综合健康教育组（简称综合组），对两组儿童实施6个月健康教育后，观察两组龋齿发生率、口腔保健行为及知识调查结果。结果综合组与常规组相比，上颌乳中切牙、上颌第一乳磨牙、上颌第二乳磨牙、下颌第一乳磨牙、下颌第二乳磨牙部位龋齿患病率均明显降低，差异均具有统计学意义（χ2值分别为5．45、6．34、5．78、5．92、5．63，均P＜0．05）。综合组与常规组相比，含着奶瓶（奶嘴）睡觉比例降低，正确刷牙姿势、每日刷牙2次以上比例升高，饭后漱口、口腔健康知识掌握程度升高，每次刷牙时间延长，差异均具有统计学意义（χ2值分别为4．76、5．12、5．54、5．56、5．09，t＝5．23，均P＜0．05）。结论通过口腔综合健康教育可显著降低不同部位龋齿患病率，纠正口腔保健行为，具有良好的预防效果。