Objective To evaluate the features of pelvic lymph node metastasis and the significance of lymph node dissection in bladder cancer patients treated with radical cystcetomy. Methods The data of 77 bladder cancer patients(58 males and 19 females with mean age of 57 yrs)treated with radical eystectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection from Jan. 1990 to Dec.2008 were analyzed retrospectively.Preoperative TNM staging showed stage T1 tumor of 9 cases,stage T2 of 24 cases,stage T3 of 39 eases and stage T4 of 5 cases.The pelvic lymph nodes were divided into 5 groups according to the anatomic sites.The metastatic rate and dissected lymph node positive rate in these patients were compared. Results The metastatic rate and dissected lymph node positive rate were 27.3%(21/77)and 14.8%(233/1576),respectively.The metastatic rate in these patients from higher to lower were as follows:obturator group 19.5%(15/77),internal iliac group 19.3%(11/57),external iliac group 13.7%(10/73),common iliac group 5.3%(3/57)and presacral group 3.8%(1/26),with a significant difference in those groups,P<0.01.The dissected lymph node positive rates from higher to lower were as follows:external iliac group 23.0%(83/361),obturator group 22.1% (103/467),common iliac group 9.5%(17/179),internal iliac group 6.8%(28/411)and presacral group 1.3 % (2/158), with a significant difference in those groups, P<0.01. There was no metastasis in 9 eases with stage T, tumor. Conclusions In the radical cystectomy for the treatment of bladder cancer, it is suggested that the regional lymph nodes with higher metastatic rate should he resected accordingly, and the group with a higher metastatic rate should be dissected completely. The operation extent may be adjusted according to the result of sentinel lymph node biopsy in the obturator or presacral groups. The pelvic lymphadenectomy is not suggested in the cases of stage T1 tumor.%目的 探讨膀胱癌淋巴结转移特点及其在根治手术中合理施行盆腔淋巴结清扫术的临床意义. 方法收集1990年1月至2008年9月因膀胱癌行全膀胱切除术77例患者的临床病理资料.男58例,女19例.平均年龄57岁.术后TNM分期:T1 9例,T2 24例,T3 39例,T4 5例.常规将盆腔淋巴结分5组,比较各组转移率和阳性淋巴结检出率.转移率为发生淋巴结转移患者的例数占全部患者的百分比.阳性淋巴结检出率为转移淋巴结枚数占全部检取淋巴结总枚数的百分比. 结果全组淋巴结总转移率和阳性淋巴结检出率分别为27.3%(21/77)和14.8%(233/1576).各组转移率由高到低依次为闭孔、髂内、髂外、髂总和骶前,分别为19.5%(15/77)、19.3%(11/57)、13.7%(10/73)、5.3%(3/57)和3.8%(1/26),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).各组阳性淋巴结检出率由高到低依次为髂外、闭孔、髂总、髂内和骶前,分别为23.0%(83/361)、22.1%(103/467)、9.5%(17/179)、6.8%(28/411)和1.3%(2/158),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).9例T1患者均无淋巴结转移. 结论膀胱癌行根治术时,对淋巴结转移率高的闭孔和髂内区域必须清扫,对阳性淋巴结检出率高的髂外和闭孔区域要完整清扫.根据术中闭孔、骶前的可疑淋巴结活检是否阳性,确定盆腔淋巴清扫范围.对非肌层浸润性膀胱癌患者不建议行淋巴结清扫术.
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