蝴蝶兰叶片体细胞胚胎发生发育及其分化成苗的研究

摘要

蝴蝶兰幼叶离体培养直接诱导体细胞胚胎的发生并进一步发育成原球茎和分化成苗.体细胞胚胎发生起源于上表皮细胞或上表皮下方的叶肉细胞,为单细胞起源.单细胞原胚分裂形成多细胞原胚,历经球形胚、梨形胚、心形胚和子叶胚的发育过程,最终成为较大颗粒状的原球茎.较高浓度的苄基腺嘌呤(6-BA)和腺嘌呤硫酸盐(AdSO4)配合使用能有效诱导体细胞胚胎的发生,最高诱导率可达40%.适当降低6-BA和AdSO4浓度有利于原球茎分化成苗,但两者浓度过低苗的生长发育会受到影响.%Young leaf segments of an orchid (Phalaenopsis Tsuei Foa Lady) cultured in vitro produced clusters of somatic embryos directly from upper epidermis and mesophyll cells of leaf and wounded surfaces within 45 days. Embryonic cell produced multicellular proembryos by cell division. Multicellular proembryos were developing successively into globular embryoids, pear-shaped embryoids, heart-shaped embryoids, cotyledon-shaped embryoids and well-developed embryos----protocorm-like bodies (PLBs). High frequency of somatic embryogenesis was found on 1/2MS basal medium supplemented with a high dosage ofN6-benzyl adenine(6-BA, 4.0～8.0 mg/L) and adenine sulphate(AdSO4, 3.0～5.0 mg/L).The highest inducing rate was up to 40 per cent. The 6-BA and AdSO4 at lower concentrations had advantages in plant regeneration from PLBs while at too lower concentrations influenced the growth and development of the tube plantlets.