棕榈油制备生物柴油的研究

摘要

以精制棕榈油、无水乙醇为原料,Na0H为催化剂,制备得到一种新型生物柴油.采用正交试验研究了反应物配比、催化剂用量、温度、反应时间等因素对产物产率的影响,得出了最佳合成条件,并运用气相色谱质谱技术分析了产物的结构和组成,结果表明,该生物柴油符合GB/T20828-2007<柴油机燃料调和用生物柴油>,接近美国和德国的生物柴油标准,基本符合GB 252-2000<轻柴油>.可以替代柴油在柴油发动机中使用,满足普通柴油机的要求.%A new type bio-diesel was refined from palm oil with anhydrous ethanol and NaOH as a catalyst.Orthogonal experiments were made to test factors affecting the product yield such as reactant ratio, the amount of catalyst, temperature, reaction time and other factors, The best synthesis conditions came out with gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis of the product's structures and elements. The result indicated that the bio-diesel accorded with" Biodiesel Blend Stock(BD100)for diesel engine fuels" (GB/T 20828-2007), and the biodiesel approach to the level of the United States and Germany bio-diesel standard as well as the basic requirements of" Light Diesel uels" (GB 252-2000). Being used in diesel engines, the diesel could be replaced by the bio-diesel which met the requirements of general diesel engines.