寄主叶片营养物质、物理结构与椰心叶甲危害的关系

摘要

在室内条件下,测定椰心叶甲对5种主要寄主植物的选择性,分析叶片营养物质、物理结构与选择性、适合性的关系.结果表明:在自由选择与强迫选择条件下,椰心叶甲对不同种类寄主存在显著选择性,在2种情况下部最喜好取食海枣和椰子;寄主对椰心叶甲生长发育的适合性与其对寄主的偏好性并不一致,喜好取食的海枣对其生长发育非常不利,反而是不喜取食的金山葵对其生长发育最有利.对不同寄主的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、粗脂肪和水分进行测定的结果表明:不同寄主间营养物质与水分的含量存在极显著差异,但含量的高低与寄主对椰心叶甲适合性关系不大,只有寄主可溶性糖含量的高低与取食不同寄主后的蛹重呈正相关关系(p=0.021 2〈0.05),但未达到极显著.对不同寄主叶片物理结构的研究表明:栅栏组织细胞宽度越大,对幼虫发育越有利,上、下表皮厚度、栅栏组织厚度与寄主选择性的关系不明显.%Resistance of 5 main hosts species to Brontispa longissima was measured in the laboratory. The relationship between physical structure characteristics and nutrients of hosts and damage by B. longissima were discussed. Host selective and suitable test results showed that in a free choice and forced choice conditions, the coconut leaf beetle could feed on different type hosts, but there were significant differences in preferences, the beetles more likely to feed on date palm and coconut in both cases. However the host suitability for coconut leaf beetle growth was different from the host selectivity preferences, the date palm was very detrimental to their growth and development, while Syagrus romanzoffiana was most favorable to beetles growth and development. Soluble sugar, soluble protein, crude fat and water content of different host were measured. The result showed that the nutrients and water content in different host had significant differences. There were no relationship between the nutrients and water content with beetle's host selectivity, only sugar content had correlation with the pupae weight of beetles and the correlation equation significant value was 0.0212. The hosts physical structure characteristics study results showed that as the palisade tissue got wider, the development of larvae also got faster . There was not no significant relation between epicuticle, hypodermi or palisade tissue and the host selectivity of B. longissima.