Twentyfive EcoRI/Mse I primer pairs showing high level of polymorphism and stable strong band were selected out from 256 primer combinations and used for further practical AFLP analysis. 1 274 bands were scored, 701 of which were polymorphic, the polymorpic rate was 55.02%. The bands scored by each primer pairs were between 36 and 66, 51 on average. AFLP fingerprints of 188 rubber trees germplasm were constructed, 12 of which had unique characteristics. The genetic similarity coefficient of these 188 rubber tree germplasm was mostly between 0.84 and 0.94, accounting for 94.6%. This indicated that most genetic differences among the tested rubber tree germplasm materials was relatively small The arithmetical averages (UPGMA) cluster analysis was used to construct the dendrogram of 188 rubber tree germplasm by these 25 primer pairs. These accessions were clustered into 3 groups, 5 taxa. Five taxa were further subdivided into a number of teams. Most of the rubber tree germplasm were in accordance with the genetic characteristics of groups getting together, showing that the results of AFLP marker fingerprint identification of germplasm and phenotypic results were consistent. The molecular marker fingerprinting could be used as the auxiliary methods of germplasm identification, to analyse germplasm from the micro aspects, to provide good breeding material for the selection and breeding of Hevea brasiliensis Muel-Arg.%对188份巴西橡胶树种质材料进行AFLP指纹图谱分析,25对多态性引物在100～1 000 bp内共扩增出1 274条带,其中701条带具多态性,多态性达55.02％.每对引物扩增的谱带数在36～66之间,平均为51条.12份橡胶树种质材料具特征带.大多种质的遗传相似系数都在0.84～0.94之间,占94.6％.说明大多数供试材料的遗传差异相对较小,这与橡胶树种质遗传基础狭窄,遗传差异不丰富相吻合.UPGMA聚类结果将供试材料分为3大类,5个类群,每个类群再细分为若干个小组,橡胶树大部分种质按照类群遗传特性聚集在一起,表明AFLP分子标记指纹图谱结果与表型鉴定种质结果一致,分子标记指纹图谱技术可以作为种质鉴定的辅助方法,从微观方面来进行种质的研究保存,为选育种提供好的育种材料.
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