八门湾红树林土壤可培养真菌的多样性分析

摘要

To study the diversity of cultured fungi isolated from soil samples in Bamen Bay mangrove forests, Wenchang City. Strains were isolated by dilution -plate method, and then identified by their morphologyical characteristics and ITS-rDNA sequences. The results showed that the 206 isolates belonged to 21 genera and groups including Mycelia sterillia. The species in genera Penicillium, Aspergillus, Trichoderma were dominant species in both sampling points. And species diversity index(H'), evenness index (JSWand the richness index(DMA)of the identified soil fungi species in two sampling points were 1.688~2.281, 0.745-0.864, 1.755-3.415, respectively. The composition similarity coefficient (Cs)of the soil fungi in different samples was 0.545-0.737, indicating that there were differences in genera and species composition at vertical scale. The similarities of ITS-rDNA sequences of strains DF12098 and HF12701 to the most closely related sequences in Genbank were 93% and 97%, respectively, which were potentially to be new species.%以文昌市八门湾红树林海莲林区和海漆林区土壤样品作为研究对象,采用稀释平板分离法对土壤样品中的真菌进行了分离,通过形态学观察和ITS-rDNA序列分析对分离得到的真菌进行鉴定,通过生态学指数统计分析,研究了红树林土壤可培养真菌的优势类群及多样性,共分离到真菌206株,包括21个属和无孢类群.两种生境土壤中真菌的主要优势类群是青霉属(Penicillium)、曲霉属(Apergillus)和木霉属(Trichoderma)；Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H’)为1.688～2.281、Pielou均匀度指数(JSW)为0.745～0.864、Margalef丰富度指数(DMA)为1.755～3.415;相似性系数分析结果显示不同土壤样品间真菌种属组成相似性系数(Cs)在0.545～0.737,表明土壤可培养真菌种属组成存在空间上的差异；分离得到的菌株中DF12098和HF12701与Genbank中已经报道的基因序列相似性分别为93％和97％,具有进一步研究的价值,以确定是否是新的微生物菌种资源.