水资源短缺正成为限制我国农业发展的重要因素.栽培稻(水稻和陆稻)是世界上最重要的粮食作物之一,尤其在我国,其产量居所有作物之首,在国民经济中占有重要的地位.山栏稻具有特殊的种质特征、抗旱特性、农艺优点,研究其抗旱性对我国农业的发展具有深远的现实意义.已有研究表明通过改变基因,作物在抗逆的同时,保证产量不受影响.随着分子手段的飞速发展,利用分子标记辅助选择以及转基因的方法提高主栽品种抗旱性,将为栽培稻抗旱育种提供有力支撑.%The shortage of water resources has become a key factor limiting the agricultural development in China. Cultivated rice (paddy rice and upland rice) is one of the most important grain crops in the world, especially in China. Its yield ranked first among all crops and occupied an important position in the national economy in China. Shanlan upland rice in Hainan Province is special in germplasm, resistant to drought and good in agronomic traits. Analysis of the drought resistance of this upland rice is of great significance to the agricultural development in China. Recent researches indicated that crop resistance and yield were not influenced after a crop was genetically modified. With the rapid development of molecular methods, molecular marker based selection and transgenic methods could be used to improve the drought resistance of the main rice varieties, which might give a strong support for drought-resistance breeding of cultivated rice.
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