生物有机肥和EM菌剂对菜园连作土壤微生物的影响

摘要

Vegetable Choi Sum was pot tried for three rounds of cropping to observe the effects of bio-organic fertilizer and EM microbial agent on microbial community structure and functional diversity of the soil in the vegetable garden for 9 and 6 years of continuous cropping.The results showed that the bio-organic fertilizer increased the relative contents of bacteria,actinomycetes,arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and gram-negative bacteria,and the gram-negative bacteria/gram-positive bacteria ratio of continuous cropping soil,but reduced the relative content of fungi,as compared to the chemical fertilizer.With the more croppings the bio-fertilizer reduced the relative contents of gram-negative bacteria,gram-positive bacteria,increased the gram-negative bacteria/gram-positive bacteria ratio.The bio-organic fertilizer and the EM agents +chemical fertilizer treatment generally had a higher relative content of gram-negative bacteria than the chemical fertilizer treatment.Comparing with chemical fertilizer,the bio-fertilizer treatment had a higher average well color development (A WCD),Simpson index and Mclntosh index of soil microbes as well as soil microbial activity,diversity and uniformity than the chemical treatment.%采用盆栽试验,连续种植3批菜心,研究生物有机肥和EM菌剂对连作9a和6a的菜园土壤微生物群落结构和功能多样性的影响.结果表明:与化肥处理相比,施用生物有机肥能够提高连作土壤中细菌、放线菌、丛枝菌根真菌和革兰氏阴性细菌(G-)的相对含量及G-/G+(革兰氏阴性细菌/革兰氏阳性细菌)比值,并降低土壤真菌的相对含量;随着种植批次的增加,土壤中G-、G+含量降低,G/G+比值上升,生物有机肥和EM菌剂配施化肥处理G-含量普遍高于化肥处理;与化肥处理相比,施用生物有机肥土壤微生物A WCD值、Simpson指数、Mc Intos指数均提高,土壤微生物活性、多样性和均一度提高.