BACKGROUND: It has been testified the interrelation between many microelements and mental diseases by determination of serum concentration or single determination of several microelements. But there are lack of definite data in comparison between big samples and various microelements.OBJECTIVE: To determine the levels of 6 microelements (Pb, Cd, Al, Zn, Cr and Ni) in hair of schizophrenic patients and compare with normal persons.DESIGN: Case-control, single center and big sample observation was designed.SETTING: Department of Psychiatry, Nanning Fifth People's Hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 440 cases of latest inpatients of schizophrenia were selected from the ward of Department of Psychiatry, Nanning Fifth People's Hospital from April to December in 2000. They had not taken drugs for anti-mental disease yet, of which, 260 cases were male, 180 cases female; aged averagely (34±13) years, 122 cases ≤ 29 years old, 236 cases aged varied from 30 to 49 years and 82 cases ≥50 years old. In the control group, 218 persons were selected from the staffs of Nanning Fifth People's Hospital, of which, 128 cases were male and 90 cases female; aged averagely (37±11) years, 56 cases ≤ 29 years old, 121 cases aged varied from 30 to 49 years and 41 cases ≥50 years old. All of the participants were in the know and agreed with the experiment.METHODS: WFX-12 type atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to determine in parallelism the levels of Pb, Cd, Al, Zn, Cr and Ni in hair of 440 cases of schizophrenic patients and 218 cases of normal persons.Multi-factor logistic regressive model analysis was carried out on microelement levels between patient group and normal group.ment levels in hair concerning to sex and age among schizophrenic papatients and normal persons.RESULTS: Totally 440 cases of schizophrenia and 218 normal persons enanalysis: The odds ratios (OR) were 1.07, 0.32, 0.99, 0.99, 1.74 and 0.63 successively between schizophrenia and the levels of Pb, Cd, Al, Zn, Cr and Ni;mong schizophrenic patients: The levels of Cd and Zn in hair of male patients were higher than those of females [(0.46±0.40) μg/g, (0.33±0.27) μg/g;(128.40±38.95) μg/g, (118.95±35.67) μg/g, F=14.84, 6.71, P ≤ 0.01].The levels of microelements of patients at 3 different age divisions were tween schizophrenic patients and normal persons: The levels of Pb and Cr in hair of schizophrenic patients were higher than those in the control group[(10.22±7.79) μg/g, (8.44±7.57) μg/g;(1.36±0.71 μg/g, (1.18±0.46) μg/g,F=6.21-8.52, P ≤ 0.01], but the levels of Cd, Zn and Ni were lower than those in the control group [(0.41±0.36) μg/g, (0.51±0.40) μg/g;(124.53±37.89) μg/g, (139.21±34.52) μg/g;(0.90±0.66) μg/g,(1.05±0.53) μg/g, F=6.21-8.52, P ≤ 0.01].CONCLUSION: A certain of correlation presents between the levels of Pb, Cd, Al, Zn, Cr and Ni in hair and schizophrenia. The levels of Cd and Zn are different concerning to sex, in which, those of male were higher than female. The difference was not significant in the levels of 6 microelements concerning to age in patient group. The levels of Pb and Cr in hair of schizophrenia were higher than the normal persons, but the levels of Cd, Zn and Ni were lower than the normal persons.%背景:许多微量元素与精神疾病的关系已得到血清浓度测定或仅几种微量元素单一检测的证实,但缺乏大样本、多种微量元素对照的确切数据.目的:检测精神分裂症患者头发中6种微量元素(铅、镉、铝、锌、铬、镍)的含量,并与正常人进行对比.设计:病例-对照,单中心,大样本观察.单位:南宁市第五人民医院的精神科.对象:选择2000-04/12南宁市第五人民医院精神科病房新入院的尚未服抗精神病药的精神分裂症患者440例,男260例,女180例;平均年龄(34±13)岁,其中≤29岁122例,30～49岁236例,≥50岁82例.对照组为南宁市第五人民医院职工218人,男128人,女90人;平均年龄(37±11)岁,其中≤29岁56例,30～49岁121例,≥50岁41例.以上参与者均知情同意.方法:采用WFX-12型原子吸收分光光度计平行测定440例精神分裂症患者与218例正常人头发铅、镉、铝、锌、铬、镍的含量.对患者组与正常组头发微量元素含量进行多因素Logistic回归模型分析.主要观察指标:①精神分裂症与患者头发微量元素的回归分析.②不同性别、不同年龄段精神分裂症患者头发微量元素含量比较.③精神分裂症患者和正常人头发微量元素含量比较.结果:440例精神分裂症患者和218例正常人均进入结果分析.①多因素Logistic回归模型分析结果:精神分裂症与头发铅、镉、铝、锌、铬、镍含量有关(比数比值分别为1.07,0.32,0.99,0.99,1.74,0.63).②不同性别、不同年龄段精神分裂症患者头发微量元素含量比较:男性精神分裂症患者头发镉、锌含量均高于女性患者[(0.46±0.40)μg/g,(0.33±0.27)μg/g;(128.40±38.95)μg/g,(118.95±35.67)μg/g,F=14.84,6.71,P≤0.011.3个年龄段患者的头发6种微量元素含量基本一致(P均＞0.05).③精神分裂症患者和正常人头发微量元素含量比较:精神分裂症患者头发铅、铬含量高于正常对照组[(1022±7.79)μg/g,(8.44±7.57)μg/g;(1.36±0.71)μg/g,(1.18±0.46)μg/g,F=6.21～8.52,P≤0.01],镉、锌、镍含量却低于正常对照组[(0.41±0.36)μg/g,(0.51±0.40)μg/g;(124.53±37.89)μg/g,(139.21±34.52)μg/g;(0.90±0.66)μg/g,(1.05±0.53)μg/g,F=6.21～8.52,P≤0.01].结论:头发铅、镉、铝、锌、铬、镍的含量与精神分裂症具有一定的相关性,且镉、锌含量还存在性别差异,男性高于女性.不同年龄组患者6种微量元素含量差异不大.精神分裂症患者头发铅、铬含量高于正常人,镉、锌、镍含量却低于正常人.
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