目的:介绍国内、外近15年来功能磁共振成像在人类大脑功能区定位方面的研究概况,以期进一步了解功能磁共振成像的作用与价值.资料来源:应用计算机检索美国MEDLINE数据库1990/2005期间的相关文章,限定文章语言种类为英文,检索词为"功能磁共振,大脑".资料选择:对资料进行初审,选择大脑功能研究中应用功能磁共振为研究方法的研究文献查找全文.纳入标准:①功能磁共振作为主要研究手段.②探讨大脑的运动、感觉、听觉、视觉、认知功能有关的文章.③针对正常受试者脑功能定位的研究.排除标准:①与大脑的运动、感觉、听觉、视觉、认知功能无关的文章.②仅对于异常受试者所做的研究.③重复研究.④原文无英文文题文章.资料提炼:共收集到相关文献6 144篇,按上述标准纳入18篇,其余文献均被排除. 资料综合:①运动功能定位有关的2篇,关于改变手指运动方式进行脑功能区的定位.②与感觉功能定位有关的4篇,其中1篇是通过简单触觉刺激进行脑功能区的定位,3篇是观察通过针灸刺激穴位时对脑功能区的定位.③与视觉功能定位有关的3篇,其中2篇是通过简单视觉刺激对视觉中枢的定位,1篇是关于交替刺激双眼时脑功能区的定位.④与听觉功能定位有关的3篇,其中2篇是关于通过不同的听觉刺激方式进行中枢的定位,1篇是关于正常与异常受试者在相同刺激下脑功能区定位的不同.⑤与语言功能定位有关的3篇,均是与1篇与运动语言功能区有关,1篇与听觉语言功能区有关,1与视觉语言功能区定位有关.⑥与认知功能定位有关的2篇.均是与记忆有关的文献.⑦1篇实关于fMRI基本原理介绍方面的文献.结论:功能磁共振对脑功能区的定位对比其他方法相对更准确,更方便,更直观.针对不同脑功能区,不仅能显示脑功能区激活区的部位、大小和范围,而且可直接显示激活区所在确切解剖位置.通过对机体的刺激方法和方式的探索、硬件技术的提高、图像后处理技术的提高,功能磁共振将在阐明人脑的功能方面发挥巨大的作用.%OBJECTIVE: To introduce the research progression of fMRI in brain functional localization in China or abroad in the recent 15 years, so as to further comprehend the effect and value of fMRI.DATA SOURCES: A computer-based online search of Medline database was undertaken to identify English articles about fMRI published from 1990 to 2005 with the keywords "functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), brain".STUDY SELECTION: The articles about experimental studies of fMRI articles irrelative to motor function, sensory function, hearing function, visuEnglish title.DATA EXTRACTION: Totally 6 144 relevant articles were collected, 18 articles were involved according to the inclusive criteria, and the others were excluded. cles about sensory function, including 1 about simple tactile stimulation,ry function, including 2 about simple visual stimulation, and 1 about binoction, including about hearing stimulation by various methods, and 1 about comparison between normal and abnormal subjects by the same stimulation.language function, 1 about visual language function, and 1 about listening basic principle.CONCLUSION: fMRI was more accurate, convenient and direct than other methods. It can not only show localization, size and dimension of the activated areas in different cerebral regions, but also show accurate anatomical position. Many aspects still need to be consummated, for example, exploration of the stimulating method, design of advanced hardware, post processing of the image and the effect of visualization. With the development of hardware, software and the endless endeavor of scientists, fMRI dooms to play an important role in illustrating the function of human brain.
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