BACKGROUND:Polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate has excel ent optical properties and good hydrophilicity which has been widely applied in biological materials, such as contact lenses, intraocular lenses. In previous experiments, artificial corneas made of polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate subcutaneously implanted or implanted into normal rabbit cornea have showed good biocompatibility and tear resistance. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the histopathological results of the porous skirt of new type one-piece keratoprosthesis made of polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate implanted to alkali burned rabbit corneas. METHODS:New blood vessels and wal eyes formed in New Zealand rabbits at 3 months after alkali burned rabbit corneas. The porous discs of polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate were inserted into the lamel ar pocket of alkali-burned corneas and the corneas were observed clinical y, histological y and ultrastructural y at 2, 8, 16 and 28 weeks after implantation,. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Histopathology suggested that mild inflammatory reaction and no calcification were seen in al specimens, fibroblasts and deposition of col agens were found in the pores of the dics at 2 weeks after implantation;stable connection with cornea was formed by the end of 16 weeks;the pores were almost completely fil ed with new tissue, the number of cel s decreased, and mature fibers were mainly found at 28 weeks. Scanning electron microscope showed new tissue grew into the pores which were closely connected with the corneas. Transmission electron microscope exhibited cytoplasm migrating into the material was rich in rough endoplasmic reticula, showing strong synthetic function, col agen, proteoglycans, and other extracel ular matrix deposition. These findings indicate that the porous skirt of polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate implanted into the alkali burned rabbit corneas al owed corneal cel s migration, proliferation, secretion of the deposition of extracel ular matrix and the formation of new tissue to complete the stable connection with cornea, showing a better biocompatibility.% 背景：前期实验制备的聚甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯人工角膜具有优良的光学性能和良好的亲水性，在植入家兔皮下和正常角膜组织实验中显示了良好的生物相容性，并具有抗撕裂强度。 目的：进一步评估新型一体式聚甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯人工角膜多孔支架材料在碱烧伤角膜中的生物愈合过程及组织病理学特点。 方法：氢氧化钠碱烧伤新西兰兔角膜3个月后，形成带新生血管和角膜白斑的动物模型。将孔隙性聚甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯人工角膜材料植入烧伤后的角膜板层间，分别于植入后2，8，16，28周进行苏木精-伊红染色、天狼猩红染色、免疫组织化学染色、扫描电镜及透射电镜观察。 结果与结论：组织病理学显示，材料植入后2周炎症反应轻微，所有标本中均无钙化现象，聚甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯材料孔隙中有成纤维细胞长入并有胶原沉积，随着时间推移，孔隙逐渐被填满；到16周时，与角膜组织能形成稳定的连接；28周时，材料孔隙几乎被新生组织完全充填，细胞数量减少，主要由成熟纤维构成。扫描电镜显示新生组织长入材料孔隙之中，与角膜结合紧密；透射电镜下见迁徙入材料内的角膜细胞胞浆富含粗面内质网等细胞器，显示旺盛的合成功能；其周围有胶原、蛋白多糖等细胞外基质的沉积，并且显示出从新生到成熟的动态变化。结果证实植入碱烧伤兔角膜层间的聚甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯孔隙性材料能够允许角膜细胞迁徙、增殖，分泌沉积细胞外基质，形成新的组织，达到材料与组织的稳定连接，显示了较好的生物相容性。
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