BACKGROUND:The use of three-dimensional cel culture techniques can better simulate the cel ular microenvironment, providing new tools for tissue engineering research. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the biomaterial selection and application characteristics in three-dimensional cel culture as wel as applications in tumor tissue engineering. METHODS:We searched Wanfang database and PubMed database 1998-2015 years for relevant literature using keywords of“three-dimensional cultures;scaffold;cel growth;cel differentiation;tumor tissue engineering”in Chinese and English, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The selection and application of three-dimensional scaffold materials is one of the keys. So far, scaffold materials, such as col agen gels, gelatin sponge, agarose, chitosan, demineralized bone matrix, cannot provide the extracel ular matrix similar to the micro-environment in which seed cel growth and proliferation are not affected, and the ability to secrete type II col agen and glycosaminoglycan is decreased, although they can provide three-dimensional space for seed cel s. Biomimetic scaffold characterized as little trauma and strong plasticity gradual y shows its unique advantages. Three-dimensional culture conditions raise pro-angiogenic growth factor secretion from tumor cel s, and this feature is positively correlated with the occurrence of in vivo tumor angiogenesis.%背景：利用三维细胞培养技术可以更好地模拟细胞微环境，为组织工程研究领域提供新的手段。 目的：分析三维细胞培养中生物材料的选择和应用特点及其在肿瘤组织工程中的应用。 方法：应用计算机检索检索万方数据库、PubMed数据库1998至2015年的相关文献，中文检索关键词为“三维培养，支架材料，细胞生长，肿瘤组织工程”，英文检索关键词为“Three Dimensional Cultures， Scaffold，cel differentiation，tumor tissue engineering”。结果与结论：三维支架材料的选择和应用是三维技术的关键之一。迄今为止，支架材料如胶原凝胶、明胶海绵、琼脂糖、壳聚糖、脱钙骨基质等尽管能为种子细胞提供三维空间环境，却无法提供类似细胞外基质的微环境，使种子细胞的生长及增殖受到影响，分泌Ⅱ型胶原和糖胺聚糖等细胞外基质的能力明显下降。在支架材料中，仿生支架材料因其创伤小、可塑性强而逐渐显示出其独特的优越性。三维培养条件上调了肿瘤细胞促血管发生生长因子的分泌量，这一特性同体内肿瘤的血管发生正相关。
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