BACKGROUND:Peripheral nerve injury is a common disease in clinic, which severely affects the patients' quality of life. How to promote peripheral nerve regeneration is an issue of concern.OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of modified rabbit defensin 1 on peripheral nerve regeneration and functional recovery. METHODS: Eighteen Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups. The rat sciatic nerves were transected and bridged by biodegenerated chitin conduits, followed by the injection of neurotrophic factor (group 1), modified rabbit defensin 1 (group 2) and normal saline (control group) into the gluteus, respectively, for consecutive 7 days. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The sciatic nerve function index in the groups 1 and 2 was higher than that in the control group at 4 weeks postoperatively. The order of motor nerve conductive velocity was as follows: group 1 > group 2 > control group. The diameter regenerated fibers and axons, and the myelin thickness in the group 2 were less than those in the group 1, but were more than those in the control group. These results indicate that the modified rabbit defensin 1 can promote peripheral nerve regeneration, which may be related with the clearance of residual myelin by macrophages and the improvement in nerve regeneration environment.%背景:周围神经损伤是临床常见的一类疾病,严重影响患者的生活质量.如何促进周围神经损伤后神经的再生修复是临床重要的课题.目的:探讨改良兔防御素1对周围神经损伤修复后神经再生的作用及功能恢复的影响.方法:18只SD大鼠随机分为3组:神经生长因子神经营养因子组、改良兔防御素1组以及生理盐水对照组.将所有大鼠坐骨神经离断后使用可降解甲壳质生物套管套接修复神经断端,术后连续7 d以神经营养因子、改良兔防御素1以及生理盐水注射到臀肌中.结果与结论:术后6周,神经营养因子组和改良兔防御素1组大鼠的坐骨神经指数较生理盐水组高,但3组大鼠的运动神经传导速度:神经营养因子组>兔防御素1组>生理盐水组,且改良兔防御素1组大鼠的再生神经纤维直径、轴突直径和髓鞘厚度较神经营养因子组大鼠小,但相对于生理盐水组大.提示改良兔防御素1对于周围神经损伤后神经再生具有促进作用.改良兔防御素1促进神经再生的作用机制可能与巨噬细胞清理髓鞘残留、改善神经再生环境有关.
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