组织工程化软骨细胞移植修复膝关节大面积全层软骨缺损

摘要

背景:目前应用正常透明软骨来移植修复软骨大面积全层缺损已成为热点,但缺乏较大样本的组织工程化软骨移植的疗效随访研究.目的:观察组织工程化软骨细胞移植治疗膝关节大面积全层软骨缺损的方法及疗效.方法:纳入21例(23膝)OutbridgeⅢ-Ⅳ度的膝关节软骨缺损患者,其中缺损面积为3.5-11.2 cm2,对患者进行组织工程化软骨细胞移植治疗,术后按康复计划进行膝关节功能锻炼,并定期随访复查膝关节MRI及目测类比疼痛评分、国际膝关节文献委员会主观膝部、Lysholm评分等指标.结果与结论:①疼痛情况:患者随访时间为3-12个月,所有患者术后关节疼痛不适均有明显改善,目测类比疼痛评分较术前有明显下降(P<0.05),所有患者在术后1年基本表现为无痛;②影像学改变:所有患者术后1年复查MRI均显示软骨修复良好,受区软骨厚度及MRI信号与周围软骨一致,骨质与周边骨质完全愈合;③膝关节功能:术后3,6,12月国际膝关节文献委员会主观膝部评分及Lysholm评分均较术前有较明显提高(P<0.05);④结果证实,组织工程化软骨细胞移植作为一种改进的软骨细胞移植方法安全有效,是修复软骨缺损的一种可靠方式.%BACKGROUND:The use of normal hyaline cartilage to repair large areas of full-thickness knee cartilage defect has been a hot topic recently; however, a follow-up study with a relative large number of patients is required. OBJECTIVE:To make a preliminary study concerning the methods and therapeutic effects of tissue-engineered cartilage (TEC) implantation for treating large-area full-thickness knee cartilage defects. METHODS:Twenty-one patients (23 knees) diagnosed with cartilage defect of the knee joint (Outbridge III-IV) were enrolled. The area of the cartilage defect was 3.5-11.2 cm2. All of the patients were given TEC treatment. Postoperative functional exercise of the knee joint was carried out in these patients as planned. We regularly reviewed the knee MRI and calculated visual analog scale score, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, and Lysholm score. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:All the patients were followed up for 3 to 12 months. Postoperatively knee pain relieved obviously, and the visual analog scale score was significantly declined compared with the preoperation (P<0.05). All the patients manifested painless 1 year after surgery. The 1-year postoperative MRI showed that the injured cartilage grew well. The thickness and MRI signal of the graft was the same as the normal cartilage, and the bone healed completely. The IKDC and Lysholm scores were significantly improved at 3, 6, 12 months after the surgery, and the difference was statistically significant before and after the surgery (P<0.05). Overall, TEC is an improved technique of chondrocyte implantation, which is an effective and safe method for cartilage defect repair.