下肢静脉性溃疡大鼠模型建立与评价

摘要

Objective To establish and evaluate the rat model of lower extremity venous ulcer. Methods On the basis of the rat model of deep vein thrombosis, the ulcer model was established by local skin defect. Rats were randomly divided into control group and model group. The external signs and behavioral manifestations of rat model, pathological changes of wound tissue and expression of Il-6, Il-8 and TNF-Alpha in serum were observed. Results In control group, the ulcer areas at 7 d and 14 d were (0.83±0.04) cm2and (1.2313±0.0720) cm2, and the ulcer healing rates at 7 d and 14 d were (13.1±1.8)% and (47.7±5.5)%, respectively. In model group, the ulcer areas at 7 d and 14 d were (1.48±0.09) cm2and (1.23±0.07) cm2, and the ulcer healing rates at 7 d and 14 d were (16.02±5.55)% and (30.43±4.06)%, respectively. The area of ulcer in model group was obviously larger than that of the control group, and the ulcer healing rate of the model group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). Histopathology suggested that the model group had a large number of inflammatory cell proliferation and fibrous connective tissue proliferation. The control group had a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration and necrosis of neutrophils. After the model establishment, the rats were generally in good condition, free of movement and with weight loss, the wound ulcer was healed, and the area was smaller than before. The achievement ratios of model group and control group were 80 % and 100%. The results obtained from the comparison of 7 d and 14 d blood rheology and plasma D-dimer showed that the values of the model group were higher than those of the control group. A comparison of serum IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α concentration in rats at 7 d and 14 d showed that the values in the model group were higher than those in the control group. Conclusions The rat model of lower limb venous ulcer is established successfully.%目的:建立下肢静脉性溃疡大鼠模型并进行评价.方法:在大鼠建立下肢深静脉血栓模型基础上,采用局部皮肤缺损的方法建立溃疡模型.将20只大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组,观察模型大鼠的外部体征和行为学表现,创面组织病理变化,以及血清中IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α的表达.结果:对照组7 d溃疡面积为(0.83±0.04)cm2、14 d为(0.49±0.03) cm2,7 d溃疡愈合率为(13.1±1.8)%、14 d为(47.7±5.5)%.模型组7 d溃疡面积为(1.48±0.09)cm2、14 d为(1.23±0.07) cm2,7 d溃疡愈合率为(16.02±5.55)%、14 d为(30.43±4.06)%.模型组在溃疡面积上明显大于对照组;模型组在创面愈合率上明显低于对照组(P < 0.05).组织病理学提示,模型组有大量炎细胞增生,纤维结缔组织增生明显.对照组可见少量炎性细胞浸润及坏死中性粒细胞.大鼠在成模后,一般状态良好,活动自如,体质量减轻,创面溃疡部分有愈合,面积较之前缩小.模型组成功率为80%,对照组成功率为100%.在大鼠7 d、14 d血流变及血浆D-二聚体的化学检测对比中得出结果,模型组各项数值均高于对照组;在模型组大鼠7 d、14 d血清IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α浓度均高于对照组.结论:下肢静脉性溃疡大鼠模型建立成功.