厦门市传统毒品和新型毒品滥用者艾滋病知识和行为调查分析

摘要

Objective This study aims to understand the knowledge of AIDS ,behavior ,and utilization of interven-tion services of traditional drug abusers and new-type drug abusers ,thus to provide evidence for prevention and con-trol of AIDS.Methods Purposive sampling method was used to collect 401 drug abusers in the mandatory detoxifi-cation center in Xiamen throughout 2015 and detected the infection of HIV ,syphilis ,and HCV among them. A ques-tionnaire survey was conducted to investigate demographic information ,behavior and AIDS awareness ,and then to compare the differences between traditional drug abusers and new-type drug abusers.Results There were significant differences in age ,household registration ,and residence time ,the proportion of injecting drug use ,knowledge of AIDS and utilization of intervention services between the two groups (P＜0.05). The positive rate of HCV test in traditional drug abusers was significantly higher than that among new-type drug abusers(63.60% vs.32.10%,P＜0.001).Conclusion AIDS awareness of drug abusers has yet to be improved. There were few injecting drug users a-mong new-type drug users. Health education protocols and interventions for new-type drug abusers should be worked out.%目的 了解传统毒品和新型毒品滥用者艾滋病知识、行为和干预服务情况,为制定艾滋病防治措施提供参考依据.方法 采用立意抽样方法,对厦门司法强制隔离戒毒所2015年新入所的401名传统毒品和新型毒品滥用者的人口学特征、行为特征和艾滋病知识知晓情况进行问卷调查,并检测血清 HIV 、梅毒和 HCV抗体,比较组间差异.结果 两组人群的年龄、户籍、在本地居住时间的构成,注射吸毒的比例,对艾滋病相关知识的掌握和干预服务的利用方面,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05) ;HCV阳性率传统毒品组(63.60%)明显高于新型毒品组(32.10%)(P＜0. 001) .结论 戒毒人员艾滋病知识知晓率仍待提高,新型毒品滥用者中注射吸食的较少,应制定适用于新型毒品滥用者的健康教育方案和干预措施.