安全套在妓女和嫖客中使用情况的调查

摘要

Background: Commercial sex workers and clients are important core populations in the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Research on the frequency and determinants of condom use in commercial sex workers and their clients is important in increasing condom use and reduction of the STD/HIV.Burden.Objectives: To establish the frequency of and factors related to intention to use condoms and actual condom use in commercial sex contacts and to determine the differences in condom use between sex workers and clients.Methods: Incarcerated commercial sex workers (ICSW) and male STD clinic attendees were recruited into a cross-sectional study to obtain data on the frequency and factors associated with intention to use condoms and condom use in commercial sexual contacts with an interviewer-administered questionnaire.Consistent condom use in ICSWs and never using condoms in male STD clinic attendees were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.Results: The frequency of reported consistent in tention to use condoms and reported actual condom use was 62% and 50.6%, respectively among 158 ICSWs. For male STD clinic attendees, the proportion of reported consistent intention to use condoms and reported actual condom use was 10% and 20.7%,respectively. The factors positively influencing the consistent intention to use condoms were pregnancy preventing measures and the belief of condom efficacy in the prevention of STD/HIV, whereas the factor associated with actually consistent condom use was pregnancy-preventing measure in ICSWs. Factors associated with no intention to use condoms were low income,low STD/HIV knowledge level and the frequency of visiting CSW. The latter factor was also associated with never using condoms in male STD clinic attendees.Conclusions: Consistent condom use during com mercial sex contacts was low, especially in clients.Greater effort is needed in condom promotion program in order to raise the level of condom use in commercial sex contacts.%背景 妓女和嫖客是传播性病和艾滋病的高危人群.为了在高危人群中促进安全套的使用,调查安全套在妓女和嫖客中的使用频率和影响因素十分重要.目的 调查商业性行为中安全套使用的频率和影响因素,分析安全套在妓女和嫖客中使用情况的差异.方法 在押的妓女和性病门诊的男性患者参与了本次调查.采用横断面调查的方法,以问卷形式收集了商业性行为中安全套使用的频率和影响因素的相关资料.并用Logistic回归模型对上述资料进行分析.结果 在158名妓女中,报告的安全套的意图使用率和实际使用率分别为62％和50.6％,而在性病门诊男性患者中,则分别为10％和20.7％.影响安全套使用意图的积极因素是避孕和预防性病/艾滋病.而妓女一贯使用安全套的目的则是避孕.低收入、性病/艾滋病知识的缺乏和光顾妓女的次数影响安全套的使用,也是性病门诊男性患者不使用安全套的主要原因.结论 在商业性行为中,尤其是嫖客一方,安全套的使用率很低.应继续在高危人群中推广安全套的使用.