基于智能算法的层次型多链WSN路由协议

摘要

Routing protocol is an important area of wireless sensor networks,and reliability,low cost,easy to maintain are design goals of WSN routing protocol.To address the issue,this paper proposes a novel routing protocol HMCRP(Hierarchical Multi-Chain Routing Protocol)which based on hierarchical topology,PEGASIS and ant colony algorithm.Virtual grid network was adopted to simplify topology complexity;ant colony algorithm ensures a globally optimal transmission path;considering node performance and chain data transmission cost,a novel chain header selection formula was put forward.Simulation under the environment of MATLAB and Omnet + + proves that compared with PEGASIS and some improved protocols,HMCRP can effectively extend network life cycle,reduce average energy consumption of data transmission and increase data receiving rate.%路由协议设计是无线传感器网络的一个重要领域,可靠性、低开销、易于维护是无线传感器网络路由协议的设计目标.基于层次型拓扑控制思想,并在成链算法PEGASIS基础上引入智能成链策略,提出新的路由协议——HMCRP(Hierarchical Multi-Chain Routing Protocol).HMCRP基于虚拟网格方式将网络划分为两层自治区域,简化拓扑复杂度；区域内节点按照蚁群算法成链,保证形成全局最优或较优的传输路径；提出链头选取公式,综合考虑节点性能、区域链的数据传输代价.通过MATLAB与Omnet++相结合的仿真实验,与PEGASIS协议及其改进协议相比较,验证了HMCRP在延长网络生命周期、降低数据传输平均能耗以及提高数据接收率等方面的优势.