随着无线传感网络在三维动态环境应用需求的俱增，如何在动态拓扑的三维网络环境下，设计能量高效和数据传输高可靠性的路由协议是当前学术界的研究热点。现有的三维路由协议未充分考虑节点移动和环境因素的影响，多为二维静态协议的补充和支持。将拓扑结构和地理结构的路由协议相结合，提出了基于节点密度加权的T-LEACH三维动态路由协议。使用T-LEACH算法获得全局节点密度信息，DDRS算法预知路由空洞和使用DDRS-R的恢复算法逃逸空洞和修正路由，有效地实现规避局部最优问题和迅速逃逸路由空洞的目标，提高了网络整体的健壮性和生存时间。通过在课题组设计的无线传感器网络三维环境路由协议仿真平台上的实验和对比，证明本文提出的路由协议在能量消耗，网络生存期及数据交付率等方面优于现有协议，具有良好的应用前景。%With the increasing requirement of 3D dynamic environment applications,how to design an efficient and reliable protocal in the dynamic 3D environment is becoming a reaseach hotspot. The existing 3D routing protocol, with missing consideration of node mobility and environmental factors,is just auxiliary means for the 2D static proto⁃col. In this paper,we proposed a node density based T-LEACH 3D dynamic routing protocol which combined the to⁃pology protocol and routing protocol. We used the T-LEACH algorithm to obtain the global node density informa⁃tion,used the DDRS algorithm to predict routing hole and used recovery algorithm DDRS-R to escape holes and modify the routing,and finally we successfully avoided local optimization problem and rapid escape from the route hole problem,which greatly improved robustness and overall survival time of the network. At the same time,we did experiments and contrast analysis on a wireless sensor network designed by our research group,which proved that the proposed routing protocol was superior to the existing protocol in many ways,such as energy consumption,net⁃work lifetime and data delivery ratio and so on,and which also proved that the node density based T-LEACH 3D dy⁃namic routing protocol will have a good application prospect.
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