基于能量均衡的最大化覆盖目标算法

摘要

目标覆盖问题是无线传感网络WSNs(Wireless sensor networks)最重要的问题之一.每个目标至少被一个传感节点覆盖,为此提出基于能量均衡的最大化覆盖目标EMNL(Energy-balance-based Maximizing Network Lifetime)算法.EMNL算法将所有传感节点划分不同的传感节点覆盖区SC(Sensor Cover),致使每个SC能够维持对所有目标监测一个固定时间.通过有选择性选择一个SC活动,而其他SC休眠,进而提高能量利用率,延长了网络寿命.EMNL算法构建了不同不相邻SC,进而最大化网络寿命.最后,建立仿真环境,并进行性能仿真.此环境下的数据表明,在EMNL算法有效地扩延生存时间,也提升了覆盖率.%Target coverage problem is one of the important problems in wireless sensor network in which each target should be covered by at least one sensor. Therefore,EMNL( Energy-balance-based Maximizing Network Lifetime) al-gorithm is proposed. In EMNL,All the sensors are organized into different groups called sensor cover in such a way that each cover can monitor all the targets for a fixed duration. By keeping one sensor cover active at a time while others in sleep mode,sensors batteries can be used in efficient way. This helps in prolonging the network lifetime. EMNL algorithm proposes a new energy-efficient heuristic to schedule the sensors in different non-disjoint sensor covers which helps to maximize network lifetime. Finally,we construct simulation and analyze performance of EMNL algorithm. The simulation results show that EMNL algorithm outperforms than other algorithm in term of coverage ra-tio,and network lifetime.