目的 了解孤独症儿童对常见名词及名词词组的理解机制.方法 2014年11月~2015年4月,接受特殊教育的7~14岁孤独症儿童43名、唐氏综合征儿童10名,7~8岁普通儿童42名,佩戴TobiiⅡ眼镜式眼动仪进行图片指认测试.结果 普通儿童词语理解正确性好于孤独症和唐氏综合征儿童(χ2>5.647,P<0.05);普通儿童在正确图片上注视点集中程度多于孤独症和唐氏综合征儿童(χ2>6.248,P<0.05).与普通儿童相比,孤独症儿童在理解名词性词组时注视点集中在非中心词的特征明显(χ2>7.15,P<0.05);提问前后注视点的变化趋势与普通儿童不同(χ2>5.04,P<0.05).结论 孤独症儿童在理解名词性偏正词组过程中,存在按语音顺序理解而偏离中心词的特点,词义的正确理解与注视点集中程度有关;孤独症儿童词语理解更容易受视觉干扰.%Objective To investigate the charactoristics of comprehension of words or phrases of nouns in chidren with autism. Meth-ods From November, 2014 to April, 2015, 43 children with autism and 10 with Down's syndrome aged 7-14 years accepting special educa-tion, and other 42 normal children aged 7-8 years were asked to identify the pictures according to the words, wearing Tobii Ⅱ Glasses to re-cord eyes movement. Results The incidence of right answer was more in the normal children than in the ones with autism or Down's syn-drome (χ2>5.647, P<0.05), and more focused on the right pictures (χ2>6.248, P<0.05). For the phrases, the children with autism tended to fo-cus on the words as the order of speech, but not the center word (χ2>7.15, P<0.05). For the words, the first views after questions were differ-ent from the children with autism to the normal children (χ2>5.04, P<0.05). Conclusion Children with autism tend to focus on the words as the order of speech, but not the center word, which may influence the phrases understanding, and be influenced by the intuitive vision.
展开▼
