人体动态稳定性控制理论在老年人防跌倒中的应用

摘要

跌倒与人体稳定性密切相关,在老年人中,稳定性差是跌倒的主要原因.与静态稳定性控制理论相比,动态稳定性控制理论更强调以人体质心位置-速度的交互作用预测人体动态稳定边界,而非简单地以质心与支撑面的位置关系作为评价人体稳定性的指标.利用动态稳定性控制理论可更准确进行跌倒风险评估,在训练中强调应从整体水平促进人体稳定性的提高,促进中枢神经对平衡干扰刺激的适应性改变.但训练方案还需要进一步研究.%Fall down is related to stability of persons,especially in the aged.Poor stability usually results in fall down.Compared with the concept of static stability,dynamic stability theory emphasizes the velocity-position of center of mass(CoM)to predict feasible move-ments rather than CoM position only. Dynamic stability can help to estimate the risk of fall, and guide the exercise about fall prevention from improvements of adaption to regain balance.The training program still needs more studies.