基于直线加速器虚拟源模型的蒙特卡洛剂量计算及在IMRT独立验算中的初步应用

摘要

Objective To investigate the feasibility of the virtual source model in Monte Carlo dose calculation for clinical radiotherapy.Methods The Monte Carlo simulation was used to obtain the phase space files which recorded the physical properties of the particles emitted by a medical linear accelerator, and the information on the type, energy spectrum, and distribution of particles were extracted from these files and analyzed to establish the semi-empirical model of virtual two-photon source.The GMC dose calculation engine was used to obtain the 3 cm×3 cm, 5 cm×5 cm, 10 cm×10 cm, 20 cm×20 cm, and 30 cm×30 cm fields of radiotherapy and the results of Monte Carlo simulation of dose distribution in three-dimensional water phantom in 2 intensity-modulated radiotherapy ( IMRT) plans.These results were compared with the results of water phantom measurement or the results of Elekta Monaco planning system to verify the accuracy of Monte Carlo dose calculation based on a virtual source.Results As for the percentage depth-dose distribution curves of the central axis of the water phantom and the off-axis dose curves at different depths in the five fields for radiotherapy, the difference between the results of Monte Carlo simulation and the results of measurement was within 1%.As for the two IMRT plans, the three-dimensional passing rates of Monaco calculation results and Monte Carlo simulation results were 98.9%and 99.4%, respectively, for 3%/3 mm, and 95.1%and 95.4%, respectively, for 2%/2 mm.Conclusions Monte Carlo simulation based on the virtual source model can obtain accurate results of radiotherapy dose calculation.%目的：研究临床放疗蒙特卡洛剂量计算方法中虚拟源模型的可行性。方法通过蒙特卡洛方法模拟得到记录医用直线加速器机头出射粒子物理特性的相空间文件，分析提取相空间文件中粒子的种类、能谱及位置分布，建立半经验虚拟双光子源抽样模型。结合并行剂量计算引擎GMC，得到3 cm×3 cm、5 cm×5 cm、10 cm×10 cm、20 cm×20 cm和30 cm×30 cm射野及2例临床调强计划的三维水模剂量分布的蒙特卡洛模拟结果，将其与水箱测量结果或医科达Monaco计划系统结果比较，以验证基于虚拟源的蒙特卡洛剂量计算的准确性。结果对5个射野下的水箱中心轴的百分深度剂量曲线以及不同深度的离轴剂量曲线，蒙特卡洛模拟结果与测量结果相差在1％以内。对2例临床调强计划， Monaco计算结果与蒙特卡洛模拟结果的三维通过率分别为98．9％和99．4％（3％／3 mm），95．1％和95．4％（2％／2 mm）。结论基于虚拟源模型的蒙特卡洛模拟能得到准确的放疗剂量计算结果。