Objective To analyze the imaging data of patients with complete clinical remission ( cCR ) and postoperative pathological complete remission ( pCR ) after concurrent chemoradiotherapy, aiming to evaluate the values of MRI and rectal ultrasound in predicting pCR. Methods Clinical data of 42 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy combined with operation were retrospectively analyzed. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and pathological data were statistically compared between patients with cCR and pCR. Results After concurrent chemoradiotherapy,12 patients obtained cCR and 7 patients achieved pCR.The consistency rate of cCR between MRI and EUS was 3/12(25％), and 4/12(33％) for pCR.The consistency rate of pCR of MRI combined with EUS was 5/12 ( 42％) . Conclusion Rectal ultrasound combined with MRI cannot fully predict pCR. More accurate detection approach remains to be explored to evaluate the clinical outcomes of watch-and-wait patients.%目的 对同步放化疗后达到cCR)及术后pCR患者影像学资料进行分析,以评价核磁及直肠超声在预测pCR中的作用.方法 回顾分析42例同步放化疗联合手术治疗的局部进展期直肠癌患者的临床资料,对获得临床完全缓解及病理完全缓解的患者进行核磁、超声及病理比较.结果同步放化疗后12例患者达到cCR,7例患者达pCR.MRI评估的cCR与EUS一致率为3/12(25％),与pCR一致率为4/12(33％),MRI联合EUS与pCR一致率为5/12(42％).结论 直肠超声联合MRI不能完全预测pCR,对于watch-and-wait的患者临床评估还需要更精确的检测手段.
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