输尿管结石并发上尿路重度感染12例临床分析

摘要

目的 探讨输尿管结石并发上尿路重度感染的综合治疗.方法 回顾性分析2016年1月至2017年12月连云港市第二人民医院收治的输尿管结石梗阻并发上尿路重度感染12例的临床治疗方法:对于药物抗感染治疗有效者,采取一期手术处理;对于药物抗感染治疗效果不佳者,一期采取经尿道膀胱镜下输尿管双J管置入术或B超定位下肾穿刺造瘘术引流,二期处理输尿管结石.结果 12例患者中,2例根据经验选择抗生素治疗后体温恢复正常,1例一期行后腹腔镜下输尿管切开取石术,1例一期行体外冲击波碎石术(ESWL)治疗;10例抗感染药物治疗效果不佳,其中2例拒绝进一步治疗并出院,另外8例采取分期治疗方案,一期:3例行经尿道膀胱镜下输尿管双J管置入术,5例行B超定位下肾穿刺造瘘术;二期:1例为石街患者,药物排石治疗后结石排净,2例行ESWL治疗,1例行输尿管镜下钬激光碎石取石术,2例行开放输尿管切开取石术,2例行经皮肾镜钬激光碎石取石术.手术患者均顺利,结石完全清除.结论 根据经验选择抗菌药物,一期采取经尿道膀胱镜下输尿管双J管置入术或B超定位下经皮肾穿刺造瘘术解除梗阻,感染控制后二期根据指南处理输尿管结石,方法简单、创伤小、快速控制感染、并发症少、疗效满意,可作为输尿管结石并发上尿路重度感染的理想治疗方法.%Objective To explore comprehensive treatment for severe infection caused by ureteral calculus.Methods The clinical data of 12 patients with severe infection caused by ureteral calculus in the Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang from January 2016 to December 2017 were reviewed.The patients cured by anti-infective therapy received one-stage surgical treatment.The patients with ineffective anti-infective therapy received one-stage cystoscopic retrograde double J tube or B ultrasound-guided percutaneous nephrostomy first,then ureteral calculus was treated.Results Two patients were cured by empirical antimicrobial agents.One patient was successfully cured by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and the other by retroperitoneoscopic ureterolithotomy.Ten patients were not responsive to emnpirical antimicrobial agents.Two patients refused treatment and requested discharge from the hospital.The other 8 patients received two-stage treatment.In the stage Ⅰ,cystoscopic retrograde double J tube was accomplished in 3 patients,and 5 patients were treated successfully by percutaneous nephrostomy guided by B ultrasound.In the stage Ⅱ,one patient with ureter stone-street was cured by lithagogue drugs,2 patients were successfully cured by ESWL,one patient by holmium laser lithotripsy under ureteroscope,2 patients by ureterolithotomy and 2 patients by percutaneous nephrolithotomy by endoscopy and holmium laser.Conclusion The therapy of retrograde double J tube at cystoscopy or percutaneous nephrostomy guided by B ultrasound combined with empirical antimicrobial agents in the satae Ⅰ,combined with lithotripsy according to guidelines in the stage Ⅱ in treating severe infection caused by ureteral calculus have more advantage such as simple,less injury,rapid control of infection,less complication and satisfactory effect.It is an ideal method.