超声引导下股神经阻滞在急诊手术中的应用

摘要

目的 研究超声引导下股神经阻滞和坐骨神经阻滞在急诊膝关节以下手术中的应用价值.方法 40例小腿、足部或膝关节外伤,拟行清创缝合手术的患者,随机分成两组:超声组和对照组,每组20例.行患侧股神经和腘窝坐骨神经阻滞,对照组采用传统的方法定位穿刺,超声组采用超声引导下定位.在穿刺点注入1.5%利多卡因.在30 min内每5 min观察1次感觉阻滞的效果.记录局麻药起效时间、感觉阻滞效果,镇痛维持时间、并发症.用t检验和χ2检验比较两组间的差异.结果 超声组的患者局部麻醉药的起效时间比对照组短,超声组镇痛效果优于对照组.结论 超声引导下股神经阻滞和坐骨神经阻滞比传统阻滞方法效果好.%Objective To investigate ultrasound guidended nerve block of femoral nerve in emergency operation.Methods 40 patients who planned to accept surgery of feet,lower limb under knee.They were randomly devided into 2 groups:ultrasound guidended group and the control group.Femoral nerve and Sciatic nerve were blocked by ultrasound guidended technique or classic landmark technique.1.5% lidocaine was administered for nerve block.Sensory block was observed every 5 minutes in 30 minutes.Onset time,effect of anesthesia,algesia time and complications were recorded.T-test and varience difference were applied.Results The onset time of local anesthetics was faster in the ultrasound guided group than that of the control group.Effect of analgesia was better in in the ultrasound guided group than that of the control group. Conclusion Nerve block of femoral nerve and the sciatic nerve guided by ultrasound was better than the classic technique.