样本保存温度和保存时间对血液生化检测结果的影响探讨

摘要

Objective To investigate the effect of sample preservation temperature and time on blood biochemical test results. Methods Fasting venous whole blood anticoagulated with EDTA - K3 in 50 patients collected and centrifuged 1 hour later. Samples after centrifugation were placed at 4 ℃ and room temperature. All the samples were detected of blood glucose,creatinine,urea nitrogen,sodium ion, potassium ion,chloride ion,total bilirubin,direct bilirubin and alanine aminotransferase at subsequent time points of 1 hour,3 hours,6 hours and 24 hours after samples collection. Results Compared with the test result of 1 hour after collection,there were differences in all the detection index of the 3 hours, but the difference was not significant. After 6 hours after collection,the blood glucose levels were signifi-cantly decreased. After 24 hours after collection, blood glucose and alanine aminotransferase levels were significantly low-er,while the potassium level was significantly increased. Conclusions Specimen preservation conditions should be standardized in laboratory to ensure the accuracy of the test results.%目的：探讨采血并离心后样本保存温度和保存时间对血液生化检测结果的影响。方法采用50例以 EDTA-K3抗凝的空腹肘静脉血样，记录血样采集时间并于采集后1 h 离心，离心后分别对放置于4℃和室温中的样本进行血常规检测，观察血液样本采集后于不同温度下1 h、3 h、6 h 和24 h 对血糖、肌酐、尿素氮、钠、钾、氯、总胆红素、直接胆红素以及丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）9项生化指标的影响。结果与放置1 h 后的血常规检测值相比，放置3 h 后相关检测指标均有一定程度的差异，但差异未见统计学意义；放置6 h 后的检测结果显示，血糖水平显著降低（P ﹤0.05）；放置24 h 后的检测值中，血糖和 ALT 水平明显降低，而钾离子水平显著升高，差异均有统计学意义（P ﹤0.05）。结论实验室在检测血常规时应对血液样本的保存条件进行标准化，以保证检测结果的准确性。