沈阳市城区孕妇铁缺乏及缺铁性贫血横断面现状调查

摘要

目的横断面研究沈阳市城区妊娠妇女铁缺乏及缺铁性贫血的现状.方法 选择2016年9月20日至2016年11月15日在中国医科大学附属盛京医院产科门诊就诊的正常产检孕妇909例,调查孕妇补铁情况,进行血常规及铁蛋白检测,评估铁缺乏及缺铁性贫血的发生率.结果(1)缺铁性贫血的发生率远高于其他原因导致的贫血.(2)随妊娠进展铁缺乏发生率依次升高(P＜0.05),缺铁性贫血的发生率亦呈升高趋势(P＞0.05).(3)预防性补铁的孕妇铁缺乏及缺铁性贫血的发生率明显低于治疗性补铁组(P＜0.05).(4)30 ～35岁组孕妇缺铁性贫血发生率明显低于其他年龄段(P＜0.05).结论 沈阳城市地区孕妇随孕周增加,铁缺乏及缺铁性贫血的发生率逐渐升高.30～ 35岁孕妇更重视在饮食基础上预防性补铁,有效降低缺铁性贫血的发生率.%Objective To investigate the incidence of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women of Shenyang urban area by cross-sectional study.Methods Iron supplementation of 909 cases of pregnant women was surveyed,who had received prenatal examination in Obstetric Outpatients of Shengjing Hospital,China Medical University between Sep.20,2016 to Nov.15,2016.Blood routine and serum ferritin were examined.The incidence of iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) was analyzed.Results (1) The incidence of iron deficiency anemia was much higher than anemia caused by other reasons.(2) The incidence of ID in these pregnant women was increased as the gestation progressed (P＜0.05).The incidence of IDA in the pregnant women showed increased tendency with the increase of gestational weeks,without significant difference(P ＞ 0.05).(3) The incidence of ID and IDA in prophylactic iron supplementation group was significantly lower than that in iron treatment group (P＜0.05).(4) The incidence of IDA in 30-35-year old group was significantly lower than that other groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion With the increase of gestational age,the incidence of ID and IDA increased gradually.For 30-35-year old pregnant women,more attention should be paid to prophylactic iron supplementation on the basis of daily diet,which could decrease the incidence of IDA significantly.