Objective To understand the current situation and progress trends of research on polymyxin renal toxicity and reflect major scientific advances and influence in this field. Methods The literatures of polymyxin renal toxicity were retrieved based on Web of Science TM database from 1995 to 2015. The retrieving strategy was TS=(TI=polymyxin or TI=colistin) AND (TI=renal toxicity or TI=nephrotoxicity). All retrieved literatures were given statistical analysis from aspects of years, countries/regions, authors, periodical distribution and high-frequency cited literatures of polymyxin renal toxicity by using bibliometric method. Results There were totally 386 literatures retrieved, and quantity of issued papers increased year by year. The level of research on polymyxin renal toxicity is the highest in USA, and higher in Greece and Australia. The authors with higher output and impact mostly came from Australia and Greece. Results from the research shoued that most often polymyxin nephrotoxicity was mild to moderate in magnitude and reversible in nature. Clinicians must weigh the risk and benefit of continuing versus stopping polymyxin treatment and optimize medication strategies to reduce polymyxin-induced toxicities. Conclusion The research of polymyxin renal toxicity has been developed rapidly in the world and there are some unclear questions which need further research.%目的：深入了解国内外多粘菌素肾毒性研究现状和发展动态，客观反映相关国家在该领域的科学能力和影响力。方法以 ISI Web of Knowledge 的 Web of Science 数据库为检索对象，检索1995～2015年间多粘菌素肾毒性文献，检索策略为 TS=（TI=polymyxin or TI=colistin）AND（TI=renal toxicity or TI=nephrotoxicity）。采用文献计量分析的方法，分析多粘菌素肾毒性文献的年代、国家/地区、作者、期刊分布、高被引文献等方面对检出文献进行统计分析。结果 Web of Science 数据库中检索得到386条结果；发文量与引文数呈递增趋势；美国的文献数最多（29.53%），其次是希腊、澳大利亚等国家；希腊篇均被引频次最高（74.46次）；产出力与影响力较高的作者多来自澳大利亚、希腊、美国。文献研究结果表明，多粘菌素的肾毒性的发生多为轻中度且具有可逆性；临床医生应进行全面的利弊平衡以决定是否继续使用多粘菌素和如何优化给药策略。结论多粘菌素肾毒性目前仍是研究热点，多粘菌素肾毒性领域还有很多问题有待解决，有待加强国际合作，开展高质量的临床研究。
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