目的:研究长期体力运动和慢性心理应激对大鼠中枢海马去甲肾上腺素(norepinephrine,NE)和五-羟色胺(serotonin,5-HT)水平的影响,并进一步探讨这2种神经递质在运动减缓应激性海马损伤效应中的作用.方法:采用了4周自愿跑轮运动(运动组)、3周束缚应激(应激组)和预先进行4周运动再施3周应激(运动-应激组)的实验动物模型,高效液相电化学法检测实验大鼠海马的NE和5-HT水平.结果:长期运动大鼠海马的NE和5-HT水平明显升高(P<0.01),慢性应激大鼠的5-HT水平明显降低(P<0.05);并且,先运动再应激组的海马NE水平维持正常并显著高于单纯应激组(P<0.01),而以上2组的5-HT水平并无显著差异,且均低于单纯运动组(P<0.05).结论:在运动益于海马的正性作用中,NE和5-HT可能是重要的调控因素;在应激损伤海马的负性作用中,5-HT可能是重要的调控因素;而在运动减缓应激性海马损伤的作用途径中,NE可能是更重要的调控因素;并且,海马NE可能对运动更敏感,而5-HT可能对应激更敏感.%AIM: This study is to determine changes of hippocampal norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5 -HT) in long term physical exercise and chronic psychological stress, and to study the roles of the two monoamine transmitters in the effect of exercise counteracting stress - induced hippocampal damages in brain. METHODS : Levels of hippocampal NE and 5 - HT in rats undergoing 4 - week voluntary wheel running exercise (exercise group) or 3 - week restraint stress (stress group) or 4 - week exercise and 3 - week stress (exercise - stress group) were detected by high - performance liquid chromatography using electrochemical detection. RESULTS: It is showed that levels of hippocampal NEand 5 - HT increased significantly (P < 0. 01) in the exercised rats, and in the stressed rats, hippocampal 5 - HT levelssignificantly decreased(P < 0. 05). Additionally, the NE levels maintained significant high (P < 0. 01) in exercise -stressed rats compared to the pure stressed ones. On the other hand, no obvious difference was observed in hippocampal5 - HT levels between stress group and exercise - stress group, which were all significant lower (P < 0. 05) than that in exercise group. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that both the NE and 5 - HT may play important roles in mediating the exercise-induced positive effects and the 5 - HT may play an important role in stress - induced negative effects on the hippocampus. Moreover, NE may take more action in the exercise attenuating stress - induced hippocampal damages. The hippocampal NE may be more susceptible to exercise, and the hippocampal 5 - HT may be more susceptible to stress.`
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