NMDA受体在癫痫发病机制中的作用

摘要

@@ 癫痫是慢性反复发作短暂脑功能失调综合征,是神经科常见疾病之一.目前有关癫痫的发病机制尚未阐明.研究表明,癫痫的发生与兴奋性神经递质和抑制性神经递质的失衡有关[1].谷氨酸作为一种主要的兴奋性神经递质,通过受体介导的兴奋性机制在癫痫的发生过程中具有重要作用.谷氨酸受体可以分为促离子型和促代谢型2类.%Epilepsy is a chronic recurrent transient brain dysfunction syndrome. Seizure is correlated with the enhancement of glutamate responses mediated by N - methyl - D - aspartate ( NMDA ) receptor. NMDA receptor - mediated signal transduction is critical for synaptic plasticity, learning and memory. When epilepsy occurs, the NMDA receptors are up -regulated and the corresponding ion channels are kept open so that the neurons discharge continuously. At the same time, increased intracellular calcium causes the disorder of calcium homeostasis, resulting in neuron death. Postsynaptic density protein- 95 ( PSD -95 ), localized to NMDA receptor, may be involved in the pathophysiological process of seizure. As a selective NMDA receptor antagonist, the NR2B subunit selective antagonist has broad clinical application prospects in acute and chronic seizures.