目的 探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)外科治疗围手术期的安全策略.方法 回顾性分析1999年1月至2009年12月以悬雍垂腭咽成形术(UPPP)为主的1446例OSAHS外科治疗病例围手术期并发症的资料.将2004年以后围手术期采取规范化管理措施后的1004例手术患者的并发症情况与2003年以前的442例的并发症资料进行对比分析.结果 1446例中全麻手术发生插管困难者49例(3.39%),其中5例被迫停止手术;术中出现轻度心律失常8例(0.55%);手术完成后拔管出现险情者13例(0.90%);术后原发性出血19例(1.31%),其中11例再次全麻手术止血(1例术后气管切开);术后监护期间出现轻度心律失常11例(0.76%),其中1例出现心力衰竭;术后难以控制的高血压21例(1.45%);术后1周左右继发性出血32例(2.21%),4例因出血较多再次手术止血.所有患者的并发症均治愈,无死亡和留有严重后遗症.2004年后进行围手术期规范化管理措施后,各种并发症比2003年以前明显减少,卡方检验差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05).结论 OSAHS外科治疗围手术期并发症防治存在5个关键环节:术前把关、麻醉插管、手术操作、术后拔管和术后监护,关键环节采取相应措施并形成规范化是保证OSAHS手术安全的关键.%Objective To study the safety measures during perioperative period in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) , to minimize uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) major complications. Methods The complications and other relative information of 1446 OSAHS patients treated with UPPP were analyzed. Complications of 1004 OSAHS patients adopted standardized management measures after 2004 and 442 OSAHS patients who performed UPPP before 2003 were compared. Results Among the 1446 cases of OSAHS surgery, there were 49 cases (3. 39% ) of difficult intubation; 8 cases (0.55%) intraoperative mild arrhythmia; 13 cases (0. 90%) of surgery dangerous situations after extubation; 19 cases (1. 31%) of intraoperative primary hemorrhage; 11 cases (0. 76%) of mild arrhythmia during the postoperative observation period; 21 cases (1.45%) of uncontrolled hypertension immediately after surgery; 32 cases of secondary hemorrhage a week after surgery. All complications were cured and no death occured. Compared with those operations before 2003, complications were significantly reduced with enforcement of standardized management of perioperative measures since 2004. The data had significant difference by χ2 test( P <0.05). Conclusions There are five key points during the periperative period of OSAHS surgery: preoperative examination, intubation, surgery, postoperative extubation, and postoperative care. Risk factors and complications could be prevented effectively in the above five important processes.
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