Objective To study the significance of the second hearing screening in neonates who failed the first screening during their hospital stay. Methods Screening TEOAE tests were employed in 3849 neonates. The first screen was 3 days after birth. Those who failed were rescreened before discharge (5 -7 days after birth). Neonates who failed the second screening would have a third screening in 30 -42 days. Four types of rates were compared: pass rates of three times, rates of single ear fail and double ear fail, pass rates of left ear and right ear, pass rates of Caesarean birth and that of natural labor. Results The difference between rates of first time and second time is statistically significant( x2 =38. 67, P ＜0. 01 ).There is no statistically difference between the total pass rate in ward and that of third time( x2 =2. 73, P ＞0. 05 ). The pass rate of single ear fail is higher than that of double ears ( x2 = 34. 34, P ＜ 0. 01, the difference has statistical signifcance). The pass rate of left ear is higher than that of right ear( x2 =0. 62, P＞0. 05, the difference has not statistical signifcance). The first time screen result showed pass rates of natural labor is higher than that of Caesarean birth( x2 =35.37, P ＜0. 05 ), but the differences of pass rates of the second and third time between two delivery method was no statistical significance ( P ＞ 0. 05 ).Conclusion Two times of screening in ward could decrease false negative and refer rate, thus reheve parent's mental burden.%目的 探讨听力初筛未通过新生儿于出院前进行二次筛查的意义.方法 应用瞬态诱发耳声发射(TEOAE)对3849名新生儿行听力筛查,初次时间为出生3 d,"未通过"者于出院前(生后5～7 d)再次筛查,二次筛查"未通过"者生后30～42 d复查.分别对三次筛查总通过率、不同耳别及分娩方式的通过率进行统计学分析.结果 新生儿出生3 d听力筛查通过率与住院期间两次筛查总通过率相比差异具有统计学意义(x2=38.67,P＜0.01);住院期间两次筛查总通过率与复筛总通过率差异无统计学意义(x2=2.73,P＞0.05).生后3 d初次筛查未通过出院前二次筛查中单耳比双耳通过率高,差异具有统计学意义(x2=34.34,P＜0.01);左耳通过率与右耳比较,差异无统计学意义(x2=0.62,P＞0.05).顺产出生3 d筛查通过率高于剖宫产,差异有统计学意义(x2=35.37,P＜0.05),出生5～7 d以及30～42 d复筛时两种分娩方式总通过率比较,差异无统计学意义(P值均＞0.05).结论 新生儿出生3 d初筛未通过者于出院前再次筛查的住院期间二次筛查模式可降低假阳性率,减少转诊率及失访率,减轻家长精神负担.
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