5563例髋部骨折病例的发病特征分析

摘要

目的：分析髋部骨折住院患者的发病特征，为防治策略提供理论依据。方法回顾性收集天津医院2005年1月至2010年12月收治住院的年龄大于50周岁髋部骨折患者病历资料，共计5563例。男2144例，女3419例；采集患者个人特征、受伤原因、受伤时间、骨折类型、治疗方式以及治疗费用等信息，并进行发病特征描述。应用SPSS 11．0软件对数据进行统计学分析。结果（1）髋部骨折患者多为60岁以上老年人，占83．74％，女性患者显著多于男性患者。（2）在2005－2010年间，各年髋部骨折患者的构成比在12．06％～21．12％之间。从趋势看，2005年最低，2009年最高。（3）在50～79岁这一年龄阶段，股骨颈骨折显著多于转子间骨折，90岁以上年龄组转子间骨折显著多于股骨颈骨折。（ 4 ）致伤原因以摔倒最为多见，占77．98％。（5）髋部骨折春季的发病数最低，而冬季最高。从月份看，7月发病数最低，而10月发病数最高。（6）对髋部骨折患者主要以手术治疗为主，占56．97％。（7）平均每年的住院治疗费用及年住院总费用均呈上升趋势。结论髋部骨折多见于60岁以上患者，女性患者数显著多于男性，医疗费用逐年递增。%Objective To describe the epidemiological characteristics of the hip fracture of the in-patients, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of the hip fracture.Methods This study involved 5563 patients aging over 50 with hip fractures, who were admitted to the Tianjin Hospital from January 2005 to December 2010, including 2144 males and 3419 females.The demographic data, the time and causes of injury, fracture types, treatment, and in-patient expenditures were collected and reviewed retrospectively.A SPSS 11.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results Most patients with hip fractures were over 60 years old, accounting for 83.74% of all the patients.And the female patients were significantly more than male patients.From 2005 to 2010, the proportions of the hip fracture in each year varied from 12.06% to 21.12%, with the lowest incidence in 2005 and the highest incidence in 2009.In patients aging from 50 to 79 years old, the incidence of the femoral neck fracture was higher than that of the intertrochanteric fracture, while in patients aging over 90 years old, the incidence of the intertrochanteric fracture was higher than that of the femoral neck fracture.Fall was the leading cause (77.98%) of the hip fracture. The highest incidence of the hip fracture occurred in winter, while the lowest incidence was observed in spring.October was the epidemic peak period, while July was the lowest.Surgery was the predominant management for the hip fracture, accounting for 56.97%.The direct cost of acute treatment of the fragile hip fracture increased year by year.Conclusion The hip fracture is more common among patients aging over 60 years, especially in female patients.And the in-patient expenditure of the hip fracture has grown year by year.