骨质疏松门诊健康教育模式的探讨

摘要

Objective To explore the influence of health education model at outpatient clinic on patients' knowledge and bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with osteoporosis,and to evaluate the implementation effect.Methods The model of osteoporosis education was applied,including establishing osteoporosis clinic,education group and health management database,and following up patients etc.The education content includes general knowledge on osteoporosis and its prevention,dietary therapy,exercise,treatment,fracture prevention,self-monitoring and management,and diagnosis of osteoporosis.Comparisons were made in 300 subjects at baseline and 12 months after the education on their knowledge of osteoporosis and bone mineral density (BMD).Results There were significant differences before and after education in patients' knowledge on disease prevention,dietary therapy,exercise,treatment,fracture prevention,self-monitoring and management,and osteoporosis diagnosis (P ＜ 0.05).There were significant differences in LS BMD in females aged 60-69,and in LS and femoral neck BMD in males aged 60-69 and 70-79 before and after the education (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion In patients with osteoporosis,the health education model can effectively improve their knowledge of osteoporosis and lumbar spine and hip BMD.%目的 探讨骨质疏松门诊健康教育模式对骨质疏松患者知识认知和骨密度的影响,并评价其实施效果.方法 应用骨质疏松健康教育模式,包括建立骨质疏松门诊、成立骨质疏松教育小组、建立骨质疏松健康管理数据库、随访患者等.教育的内容包括骨质疏松一般知识、预防知识、饮食治疗、运动治疗、药物知识、骨折等并发症防治知识、自我监测与管理、骨质疏松症的诊断等.教育方式应用理论授课和操作演示及患者现身说法;教育形式采用一对一教育、小组教育、健康教育俱乐部.12个月后对300例骨质疏松症患者进行骨质疏松知识掌握程度及骨密度等方面的评价,比较实施健康教育前后的差异性.结果 患者在疾病知晓、疾病预防、饮食治疗、运动治疗、药物治疗、预防骨折等知识、自我监测与管理、骨质疏松症的诊断等方面实施健康教育前后差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);女性60 ～ 69岁L1、男性60 ～ 69岁及70～ 79岁Neck和L1骨密度实施健康教育前后差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 门诊骨质疏松健康教育模式可有效提高骨质疏松症患者骨质疏松知识和腰椎及髋部骨密度.