雌激素预防性给药对去卵巢大鼠骨和脏器的影响

摘要

Objective In the present study,we established the rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) by bilateral ovariectomy,and investigated the effects of estrogen prophylactic administration on bone and other organs in postmenopausal rats.Methods The SD rats were divided into sham operation (Sham) group,ovariectomized (OVX) group and β-estradiol-treated OVX (OVX/E2) group.Daily subcutaneous injection of β-estradiol and determination of body weight were initiated 10 days postsurgery.The rats were sacrificed at 61 days post-surgery.Bones and organs were collected and weighed,and the organ index was calculated.Tissue sections were prepared and subjected to HE staining.Results Histomorphological observation showed that osteoporosis was found in the femur and tibia of the OVX rats,showing trabecular bone cracked and had larger space and structure disorder.No noticeable symptoms of osteoporosis were observed in the OVX/E2 group.Compared with the Sham group,endometrial mucosal epithelium was obviously thickened,the number of uterine glands in the lamina propria of endometrium was increased,and the glandular cavity became larger in the OVX group.No obvious pathological changes were observed in the OVX/ E2 group.The analysis of body weight and organ index in rats indicated that ovariectomized rats result ed in increased body weight,as well as increased organ index of liver,lung,kidney and spleen,in the early postoperative period.Estrogen prophylactic administration could decrease the change of organ index to certain extent.Conclusion The above result show that timely administration of certain dose of estrogen could prevent the occurrence of postmenopausal osteoporosis,which provides a reference for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.%目的 采用双侧卵巢切除术建立绝经后骨质疏松(postmenopausal osteoporosis,PMOP)大鼠模型,探讨雌激素预防性给药对绝经后大鼠骨和脏器的影响.方法 将SD大鼠分为假手术(sham-operated,Sham)组、去卵巢(ovariectomized,OVX)组、雌二醇组(β-estradiol-treated OVX,OVX/E2)组.术后第10 d开始皮下注射给药并称量大鼠体重,术后61 d处死大鼠,取脏器和骨,称量脏器重量,计算脏器指数.制备组织切片,进行HE染色.结果 组织形态学观察表明,OVX组大鼠的股骨和胫骨均出现骨小梁断裂、间距变大、结构紊乱等骨质疏松症状,而OVX/E2组并未出现明显的发病症状.相较于Sham组,OVX组大鼠子宫内膜固有层中的子宫腺数目增多,腺腔增大,子宫黏膜上皮明显增厚,而OVX/E2组的大鼠子宫形态结构并未发生明显病变.大鼠体重和脏器指数分析表明,摘除卵巢不仅会引起大鼠术后早期的体重增加,还会导致大鼠肝、肺、肾和脾的脏器指数增加,而雌激素预防性给药能一定程度上缓解去卵巢手术引发的脏器指数的异常变化.结论 适时进行一定剂量的雌激素给药能够较好地预防绝经后骨质疏松症的发生,为绝经后骨质疏松症的预防和治疗提供参考.