某部离退休干部肌少症患病情况及生命质量影响因素

摘要

目的：研究军队某部离退休干部肌少症患病情况及健康相关生命质量（ health related quality of life， HRQOL）评分的影响因素。方法通过检测握力、步速、相对四肢骨骼肌质量（ relative appendicular skeletal muscle mass， RASM）诊断肌少症，使用生活质量评价量表（short form 36 questionnaire， SF-36）测量HRQOL得分，并对离退休干部的一般状况进行统计，同时使用单因素方差分析及多元逐步线性回归统计对HRQOL的影响因素进行分析。结果某部离退休干部肌少症患病率为27.8％，且肌少症患者HRQOL得分低于未患肌少症者（ t＝2.19， P＝0.00）。不同肌力下降病程、年龄、食欲对HRQOL得分造成差异（ F＝4.51， P＝0.00； F＝4.22， P＝0.00； F＝3.97， P＝0.01）；知晓肌少症防治知识、家庭关系和睦、离异或丧偶、锻炼、预防和治疗也会影响HRQOL得分（F＝4.06， P＝0.00； F＝3.89， P＝0.01； F＝4.45， P＝0.00； F＝4.15， P＝0.00； F＝4.28， P＝0.00）。影响HRQOL评分的6个最主要因素依次为：预防和治疗、锻炼、肌力下降病程、年龄、食欲、离异或丧偶（标准回归系数分别为0.55，0.44，－0.37，－0.33，0.29，－0.21）。结论肌少症降低离退休干部HRQOL，应加大对年龄偏大、2年以上病程、离异或丧偶离退休干部的关注。积极预防和治疗、宣传肌少症防治知识，协助患者营造良好的家庭氛围，鼓励离退休干部多运动锻炼，注意膳食营养搭配，均可显著改善离退休干部的HRQOL评分。%Objective To study the prevalence of sarcopenia and the influencing factors on quality of life ( HRQOL) score in retired cadres of a military unit .Methods Sarcopenia was diagnosed by grip strength , walking speed and relative appendicular skeletal muscle mass (RASM).We use the short form 36 questionnaire (SF-36) scalec to assess the QOL .We assess the general conditions of retired cadres of a military unit .The one-way ANOVA and step-wise regression analysis were used to study the influence factors of HRQOL .Results The incidence of sarcopenia in re-tired cadres of a military unit was 27.8%.The HRQOL scores of sarcopenia patients were less than those of peoples with-out sarcopenia ( t=2.19 , P=0.00 ) .Different duration of muscle strength decreased , age and appetite lead to differ-ences in the HRQOL score (F=4.51, P=0.00; F=4.22, P=0.00; F=3.97, P=0.01).Awareness of sarcope-nia prevention knowledge , family harmony , divorced or widowed , exercise , prevention and treatment also affect the HRQOL score ( F=4.06 , P=0.00; F=3.89 , P=0.01; F=4.45 , P=0.00; F=4.15 , P=0.00; F=4.28 , P=0.00).Prevention and treatment, physical exercise, course of muscle strength decreased, age, appetite and divor-ced or widowed were the main influencing factors ( the standard regression coefficients were 0.55 , 0.44 , -0.37 ,-0.33, 0.29 and -0.21).Conclusion Sarcopenia weakened the HRQOL of patients .More attention must be paid to the older patients , patients with diabetes more than 2 years, divorced or widowed retired cadres of a military unit .We should take active prevention and treatment for sarcopenia .