非侵入性眼部检查在特发性颅内压增高症中的应用进展

摘要

特发性颅内压增高症是神经眼科常见的慢性致盲性疾病,眼部临床表现为视乳头水肿及视野缺损.目前临床诊断主要依赖腰椎穿刺、实验室及影像学检查.鉴于这些诊断方法的局限性,近年随着诊断技术的发展,相干光断层成像术、B型超声等新型非侵入性定量手段相继应用于该疾病的早期诊断及疗效监测.临床数据证实这些新型检查方法客观、安全、有效.本文就眼科诊断技术在特发性颅内压增高症的早期诊断及疗效评估方面的应用价值进行总结和综述.%Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a common neuro-ophthalmologic disorder which leads to significant visual impairment.Clinically,visual manifestation secondary to increased intracranial hypertension generally shows papilledema and the progressive visual impairment subsequently.IIH is a diagnosis of exclusion.The methods include lumber puncture (LP),laboratory tests and imaging examination.However,those methods do limit in evaluation and follow-up in IIH.Currently,with the development of diagnostic technology in ophthalmology,Optical Coherence Tomography and B-scan ultrasound have been employed to estimate intracranial hypertension not only in early diagnosis,but also in long-term follow-up examination.The goal of this review is to sumarize the value of various ophthalmologic methods in evaluation and management of IIH.