基于近红外模型的芝麻核心种质油脂和蛋白质含量变异分析

摘要

本研究以290份芝麻核心种质为研究对象，采用近红外光谱技术，建立了芝麻含油量和蛋白质含量的近红外测定分析模型，采用该模型对4个环境分别种植收获的700份芝麻核心种质材料的含油量和蛋白质含量进行检测。结果表明：外部验证结果显示模型值和化学精测值间的相关系数分别为0．9702和0．9756，说明所建立模型具有很好的预测能力，近红外光谱技术可用于芝麻含油量和蛋白质含量的快速检测；芝麻的含油量由北向南逐渐降低，蛋白质则是由北向南逐渐升高；含油量和蛋白质含量均呈正态分布，变异丰富，变异系数分别为4．92％和6．25％，多样性指数分别为1．98和2．08；芝麻含油量和蛋白质含量与种皮颜色呈极显著负相关，随着种皮颜色变浅含油量和蛋白质含量均呈上升趋势；筛选出含油量58％以上的种质15份，蛋白质含量24％以上的种质20份。本研究将为芝麻重要品质性状改良提供技术和材料。%In this study,290 sesame accessions were selected from worldwide core collections.Model of sesa-me oil and protein contents was established by detecting oil and protein contents of the accessions using NIRS (near infrared reflectance spectroscopy).Chemical methods were used for comparision.Relative coefficients of these 2 methods were 0.970 2 and 0.975 6 respectively.The oil and protein contents of 700 sesame core collections in 4 environments were detected by the established NIRS model,and variation of the contents were analyzed.Result showed that both contents were affected by environment.Oil contents of materials from north to south were gradually decreased,and protein contents in northern region were lower than those from the southern.Coefficient of variation of sesame oil and protein contents were 4.92%and 6.25%respectively,and diversity indexs were 1.98 and 2.08 respectively.Among the tested materials,15 high oil (more than 58%)accessions and 20 high protein (more than 24%)accessions were identified.We also found that oil and protein contents were related to seed coat color.This study will provide valuable tools and materials for sesame genetic improvement on oil and protein.