目的 了解癫痫住院患者病因、发作形式及抗癫痫药使用情况.方法 收集癫痫住院患者5563例,分析其病因、发作形式及抗癫痫药物的种类、数量及使用频度.结果 病因不明(40.80%),脑外伤(13.64%)、海马硬化(11.52%)、脑卒中(5.24%)、神经系统感染(4.98%)、围生期损害(5.28%)等为常见病因,发作形式以部分性发作最常见(45.43%),抗癫痫药物以传统药物卡马西平和丙戊酸为主,卡马西平和丙戊酸平均使用率分别为36.88%和30.80%,新型抗癫痫药物拉莫三嗪和左乙拉西坦使用频度呈上升趋势,拉莫三嗪从16.16%上升到28.44%,左乙拉西坦从0.61%上升到20.87%,奥卡西平和托吡酯的使用频度变化不明显,分别稳定在15.07%和9.42%左右. 结论 癫痫病因复杂,发作形式多样,抗癫痫药物种类繁多,新型抗癫痫药物在临床中越来越多的被使用.%Objective The aim of this study was to investigate and analyze the etiology, seizure type and anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) utilization of in-patients with epilepsy Methods The study included 5563 cases in-patients with epilepsy. The etiology and seizure type and the date of type, quantity of AEDs in-patient department were collected and their usage frequency were analyzed statistically. Results The most common etiology of epilepsy was traumatic brain injury(13.64%), followed by hippocampal sclerosis (11.52%), stroke (5.24%), nervous system infection (4.98%), perinatal injury ( 5 . 28 % ) and undefined etiology ( 40 . 80 % ) . The most common seizure type was partial seizures (45.43% ). The AEDs of carbamazepine and valproate were the most common used drugs in the clinical and their average usage frequency were 36.88% and 30.80%, respectively. The newer AEDs of Lamotrigine and Levetiracetam were used more frequently. The use of Lamotrigine increased from 16.16% to 28.44% and the Levetiracetam from 0.61% to 20.87% whereas the use of Oxcarbazepine and Topiramate remained a stable level of 15.07% and 9.42%. Conclusion The etiology of epilepsy is complicated and the seizure type of epilepsy was diverse. Among a great variety of anti-epileptic drugs, the newanti-epileptic drugs are being increasingly used.
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