二胎孕妇产前抑郁发生现状及相关因素研究

摘要

目的：探讨二胎孕妇产前抑郁的发生现状及其影响因素。方法2014年7月—2015年1月,对601名符合纳入排除标准的二胎孕妇进行问卷调查,采用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表( EPDS)评估抑郁状况,采用一般资料调查问卷、妊娠压力量表、社会支持量表测量其影响因素。结果抑郁的发生率为29.7％。 Logistic回归分析结果显示,二胎孕妇产前抑郁的影响因素为：妊娠压力因子1( OR：8.71,95％CI：2.73~77.84)、家庭月收入3001~5000元(OR：3.52,95％CI：1.58~7.84)、妊娠压力因子4(OR：2.31,95％CI：1.28~4.17)、客观支持(OR：0.88,95％CI：0.81~0.96)、配偶的父亲期待孩子性别(OR：0.44,95％CI：0.26~0.75)、职业-机关及企事业管理人员(OR：0.05,95％CI：0.01~0.51)。结论二胎孕妇孕期抑郁的发生现状不容乐观,影响因素是多方面的,应多关注二胎孕妇妊娠压力状况和社会支持状况,及时发现不利因素,进而采取有效措施,以减少产妇抑郁的发生。%Objective To describe the incidence of antenatal depression among a second-child pregnant sample and explore its risk factors. Methods A total of 601 pregnant women were recruited by convenience sampling between July 2014 and January 2015 from five Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospitals in Chengdu. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale(EPDS) was used to assess their antenatal depression. A self-developed questionnaire, pregnancy-related stress scale( PRSS) , and social support rating scale ( SSRS) were applied to assess its risk factors. Results Among the 601 women recruited, incidence of antenatal depression was 29.7%. Logistic regression analysis showed that:pregnancy stress factor 1 ( OR:8. 71, 95%CI:2. 73-77. 84 ) , family income monthly 3 001-5 000 RMB(OR:3.52,95%CI:1.58-7.84), pregnancy stress factor 4(OR:2.31,95%CI:1.28-4. 17 ) , objective social support ( OR:0. 88, 95%CI:0. 81-0. 96 ) , father-in-law′s gender preference (OR:0. 44,95%CI:0.26-0.75), occupation-authorities and enterprises management personnel(OR:0.05,95%CI:0. 01-0.51 ) . Conclusions The status of antenatal depression among second-child pregnant women is not optimistic with many influencing factors. Therefore, more attention should be paid to their pregnancy-related stress and social support risk factors should be found out timely and improved to prevent antenatal depression.